Data-Based Probabilistic Damage Estimation for Asphalt Shingle Roofing
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 12
Abstract
Asphalt shingles on residential building roofs are susceptible to damage, and often blow off, during windstorms. The loss of shingles can also result in damage to the content in the interior of a residence by allowing the penetration of rain. This paper presents the data-based probabilistic damage estimation procedure to predict wind-induced damage on asphalt shingle roofing, using wind pressure data from wind tunnel testing. First, the probability distribution of peak wind pressure over a certain period for pressure data associated with each measurement tap is estimated. Then, the failure probability of the shingle associated with each tap and the damage ratio for the entire roofing shall be determined. Finally, a neural network is adopted to predict the wind-induced damage ratio for asphalt roof shingles considering multiple contributing factors such as wind speed, wind angle of attack, building sizes, roof slope, and terrain roughness.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The support by the “Young Thousand Talents Program (China)” Special Research Found for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20130184110009) is greatly acknowledged. The valuable comments and suggestions by reviewers are also greatly appreciated.
References
ASTM. (2011). “Standard test method for wind resistance of asphalt shingles (uplift force/uplift resistance method).” D7158-11, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2013). “Standard test method for wind-resistance of asphalt shingles (fan-induced method).” D3161-13, West Conshohocken, PA.
Chen, X., and Huang, G. (2009). “Evaluation of peak resultant response for wind-excited tall buildings.” Eng. Struct., 31(4), 858–868.
Chen, X., and Huang, G. (2010). “Estimation of probabilistic extreme wind load effects: Combination of aerodynamic and wind climate data.” J. Eng. Mech., 747–760.
Choi, M., and Sweetman, B. (2010). “The Hermite moment model for highly skewed response with application to tension leg platforms.” J. Offshore Mech. Arctic Eng., 132(2), 021602–021609.
Cook, N. J., and Mayne, J. R. (1980). “A refined working approach to the assessment of wind loads for equivalent static design.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 6(1-2), 125–137.
Cope, A. D., Gurley, K. R., Gioffre, M., and Reinhold, T. A. (2005). “Low-rise gable roof wind loads: Characterization and stochastic simulation.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 93(9), 719–738.
Crandell, J. H. (1998). “Statistical assessment of construction characteristics and performance of homes in Hurricanes Andrew and Opal.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 77–78, 695–701.
Ding, J., Gong, K., and Chen, X. (2013). “Comparison of statistical extrapolation methods for the evaluation of long-term extreme response of wind turbine.” Eng. Struct., 57, 100–115.
Dixon, C. R. (2013). “The wind resistance of asphalt roofing shingles.” Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Dixon, C. R., et al. (2014). “The influence of unsealing on the wind resistance of asphalt shingles.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 130, 30–40.
Grigoriu, M. (1995). Applied non-Gaussian processes, Prentice Hall, NJ.
Gurley, K. R. (1997). “Modelling and simulation of non-Gaussian processes.” Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN.
He, H. (2006). “A data-based probabilistic damage estimation for roofing in strong winds.” Ph.D. dissertation, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX.
Ho, T. C. E., Surry, D., Morrish, D., and Kopp, G. A. (2005). “The UWO contribution to the NIST aerodynamic database for wind loads on low buildings. Part 1: Archiving format and basic aerodynamic data.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 93(1), 1–30.
Ho, T. C. E., Surry, D., and Morrish, D. P. (2003). “NIST/TTU cooperative agreement–windstorm mitigation initiative: Wind tunnel experiments on generic low buildings.”, Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Laboratory, Univ. of Western Ontario, Canada.
Holmes, J. D., and Cochran, L. S. (2003). “Probability distributions of extreme pressure coefficients.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 91(7), 893–901.
Khanduri, A. C., and Morrow, G. C. (2003). “Vulnerability of buildings to windstorms and insurance loss estimation.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 91(4), 455–467.
Kumar, K. S., and Stathopoulos, T. (2000). “Wind loads on low building roofs: A stochastic perspective.” J. Struct. Eng., 944–956.
Lee, K. H., and Rosowsky, D. V. (2005). “Fragility assessment for roof sheathing failure in high wind regions.” Eng. Struct., 27(6), 857–868.
Low, Y. M. (2013). “A new distribution for fitting four moments and its applications to reliability analysis.” Struct. Safety, 42, 12–25.
Peng, X., Yang, L., Gavanski, E., Gurley, K., and Prevatt, D. (2014). “A comparison of methods to estimate peak wind loads on buildings.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 126, 11–23.
Peterka, J. A., et al. (1997). “Wind uplift model for asphalt shingles.” J. Arch. Eng., 147–155.
Romero, D. (2012). “Wind uplift resistance of asphalt shingles.” Master thesis, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Sadek, F., and Simiu, E. (2002). “Peak non-Gaussian wind effects for database-assisted low-rise building design.” J. Eng. Mech., 530–539.
Sparks, P. R., Schiff, S. D., and Reinhold, T. A. (1994). “Wind damage to envelopes of houses and consequent insurance losses.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 53(1), 145–155.
Stathopoulos, T. (1980). “PDF of wind pressures on low-rise buildings.” J. Struct. Div., 106(5), 973–990.
Tieleman, H. W., Ge, Z., and Hajj, M. R. (2007). “Theoretically estimated peak wind loads.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 95(2), 113–132.
van der Hoven, I. (1957). “Power spectrum of horizontal wind speed in the frequency range from 0.0007 to 900 cycles per hour.” J. Meteorol., 14(2), 160–164.
Winterstein, S. R. (1988). “Nonlinear vibration models for extremes and fatigue.” J. Eng. Mech., 1772–1790.
Winterstein, S. R., and MacKenzie, C. A. (2011). “Extremes of nonlinear vibration: models based on moments, L-moments, and maximum entropy.” Proc., 30th Int. Conf. on Ocean Offshore Arctic Eng. (ASME), ASME, New York, 617–626.
Yang, L., Gurley, K. R., and Prevatt, D. O. (2013). “Probabilistic modeling of wind pressure on low-rise buildings.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 114, 18–26.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 141 • Issue 12 • December 2015
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 28, 2014
Accepted: Jan 30, 2015
Published online: May 5, 2015
Discussion open until: Oct 5, 2015
Published in print: Dec 1, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.