Pros and Cons of Rotating Ground Motion Records to Fault-Normal/Parallel Directions for Response History Analysis of Buildings
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 140, Issue 3
Abstract
According to the regulatory building codes in the United States (e.g., 2010 California Building Code), at least two horizontal ground motion components are required for three-dimensional (3D) response history analysis (RHA) of building structures. For sites within 5 km of an active fault, these records should be rotated to fault-normal/fault-parallel (FN/FP) directions, and two RHAs should be performed separately (when FN and then FP are aligned with the transverse direction of the structural axes). It is assumed that this approach will lead to two sets of responses that envelope the range of possible responses over all nonredundant rotation angles. This assumption is examined here, for the first time, using a 3D computer model of a six-story reinforced-concrete instrumented building subjected to an ensemble of bidirectional near-fault ground motions. Peak values of engineering demand parameters (EDPs) were computed for rotation angles ranging from 0 through 180° to quantify the difference between peak values of EDPs over all rotation angles and those due to FN/FP direction rotated motions. It is demonstrated that rotating ground motions to FN/FP directions (1) does not always lead to the maximum responses over all angles, (2) does not always envelope the range of possible responses, and (3) does not provide maximum responses for all EDPs simultaneously even if it provides a maximum response for a specific EDP.
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Acknowledgments
Neal S. Kwong would like to acknowledge the USGS for providing him the financial support for conducting this research. Special thanks are extended to Rakesh Goel for generously providing the OpenSees model of the Imperial County Services building. Rui Chen, Alex Taflanidis, Dimitrios Vamvatsikos, Aysegul Askan, Ricardo Medina, and three anonymous reviewers reviewed the material presented herein and offered their valuable comments and suggestions, which helped improve the technical quality and presentation of this paper.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 140 • Issue 3 • March 2014
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© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 3, 2012
Accepted: Apr 5, 2013
Published online: Apr 8, 2013
Published in print: Mar 1, 2014
Discussion open until: Mar 28, 2014
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