Normal Strain-Adjusted Shear Strength Expression for Fully Grouted Reinforced Masonry Structural Walls
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 140, Issue 3
Abstract
Since the conclusion of the test programs carried out by the Joint U.S.–Japan Technical Coordinating Committee on Masonry Research (TCCMAR) during the 1970s and 1980s, there has been little progress made to enhance the shear strength expressions used for masonry design. The experimentally-derived expressions currently employed by North American design codes are based on the 45° cracked member assumption and truss analogy, where shear strength is expressed as an algebraic summation of resistance offered by masonry, axial load, and shear reinforcement. By contrast, the modified compression field theory (MCFT), which has gained a wide acceptance within the concrete design community, demonstrates that the 45° cracked member assumption can be overly conservative. Yet the MCFT or similar equilibrium-based approaches have often been thought of as incompatible with masonry due to the latter’s complex anisotropic behavior. However, seismic design detailing requirements within North America typically require the highly-susceptible plastic hinge region of structural (shear) walls to contain vertical and horizontal steel reinforcement in fully grouted concrete block units. Under these circumstances, the anisotropic effects are greatly reduced and the development of a simplified approach to estimate the equilibrium conditions at the shear-critical zone of masonry structural walls is possible. Tests on masonry panels conducted at McMaster University in Canada are used with existing literature to define a set of constitutive relationships for cracked masonry subject to stress states that are typical in reinforced masonry structural walls. Subsequently, a methodology is proposed to accurately estimate the angle of inclination of shear cracking and the shear resistance offered by the horizontal reinforcement and the masonry compression strut accounting for aggregate interlock effects. The proposed normal strain-adjusted shear strength expression (NSSSE) was found to predict the shear strength of 57 wall tests reported in literature with a mean ratio of experimental to theoretical strengths of () and a 95% percentile of .
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Acknowledgments
Financial support has been provided by the McMaster University Centre for Effective Design of Structures (CEDS) funded through the Ontario Research and Development Challenge Fund (ORDCF) as well as the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada. The continuous support of the McMaster Masonry Research Group (MMRG) by the Ontario Masonry Contractors Association (OMCA), the Canada Masonry Design Centre (CMDC), and the Canadian Concrete Masonry Producers Association (CCMPA) is gratefully acknowledged.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 140 • Issue 3 • March 2014
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 15, 2012
Accepted: Mar 25, 2013
Published online: Apr 1, 2013
Published in print: Mar 1, 2014
Discussion open until: Apr 13, 2014
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