Precast Concrete Diaphragm Connector Performance Database
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 1
Abstract
A variety of connector details are used to provide integrity and force transfer between precast concrete panels in building floor diaphragms. To assess the adequacy of these connectors a large number of experiments have been conducted on discrete welded connectors used in precast concrete double-tee floor panels. A standard procedure for developing simplified response curves from original test data is used to generate simplified curves from each of the tests conducted. The calculated results of over 200 experiments are summarized in a comprehensive performance database. This database provides the stiffness, strength, and deformation properties of each connector detail examined. The connectors are divided into one of the following three displacement-based categories: low deformation element (LDE), moderate deformation element (MDE), and high deformation element (HDE), based on the performance measured in the experiments. A simplified pushover modeling approach is developed to estimate the in-plane maximum midspan flexural deflection and shear sliding of a diaphragm subjected to a static uniform load applied parallel to the span of the diaphragm system. This method begins with developing the shape functions of the joint moment-rotation and shear-sliding deformation responses by utilizing the information included in the performance database and then by estimating the in-plane flexural and shear resistance-displacement responses of the diaphragm system. Estimation of flexural and shear responses of the diaphragm designed with connectors in the LDE, MDE, and HDE categories are conducted as examples.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The research was supported by grants from the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, National Science Foundation, and the Pennsylvania Infrastructure Technology Alliance. The authors are grateful for this support and the contributions of manufacturers including the Universal Form Clamp Company, Meadow Burke Company, and Metromont Corporation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors. As full disclosure, C.J.N. was paid consulting fees for the development of connectors J, K, and L presented in this paper.
References
ASCE. (2010). “Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures.” ASCE/SEI 7-10, Reston, VA.
Aswad, A. (1977). “Comprehensive report on precast and prestressed connectors testing program.” Research Rep., Stanley Structures, Inc., Denver.
Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC). (2009). “Seismic design methodology for precast concrete floor diaphragms. Part III.” Committee TS-4 NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions, FEMA, Washington, DC.
Concrete Technology Corporation (CTC). (1974). “Tests of shear connectors report.” CTA-74-B8/9, 55-62, CTC, Tacoma, WA.
Fleischman, R. B., et al. (2005). “Seismic design methodology for precast concrete diaphragms. Part 2: Research program.” PCI J., 50(6), 14–31.
Fleischman, R. B., Sause, R., Pessiki, S., and Rhodes, A. B. (1998). “Seismic behavior of precast parking structure diaphragms.” PCI J., 43(1), 38–53.
Hodgson, I., Naito, C., Stokes, F., and Bowman, C. (2007). “Erector connector Meadow Burke Company in-plane and out-of-plane performance.” ATLSS Rep. No. 07-12, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Kallros, M. K. (1987). “An experimental investigation of the behavior of connectors in thin precast concrete panels under earthquake loading.” M.S. thesis, Civil Engineering Dept., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Naito, C. (2007). “Erector connector Meadow Burke Company in-plane performance.” ATLSS Rep. No. 06-22, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Naito, C. (2008). “Universal Form Clamp Company next generation twister connector performance.” ATLSS Rep. No. 08-14, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Naito, C., and Hendricks, R. (2008). “In-plane and out-of-plane performance of the MC flange connector.” ATLSS Rep. No. 08-08, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Naito, C., Peter, W., and Creek, J. (2006a). “T.C.H.D. twister connector Universal Form Clamp Company in-plane performance.” ATLSS Rep. No. 06-09, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Naito, C., Peter, W., and Creek, J. (2006b). “T.C.S. twister connector Universal Form Clamp Company in-plane performance.” ATLSS Rep. No. 06-08, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Naito, C., and Ren, R. (2009a). “In-plane and out-of-plane performance of building products edge connector system.” ATLSS Rep. No. 09-02, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Naito, C., and Ren, R. (2009b). “In-plane and out-of-plane performance of the Mini-MC flange connector.” ATLSS Rep. No. 09-05, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Naito, C., and Ren, R. (2013). “An evaluation method for precast concrete diaphragm connectors based on structural testing.” PCI J., 58(2), (in press).
Naito, C., Ren, R., Jones, C., and Cullen, T. (2007). “Development of a seismic design methodology for precast diaphragms—Phase 1B summary report.” ATLSS Rep. No.07-04, ATLSS Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA.
Oliva, M. G. (2000). “Testing of the JVI flange connector for precast concrete double-tee systems.” Test Rep., Structures and Materials Test Laboratory, Univ. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Pincheira, J. A., Oliva, M. G., and Kusumo-Rahardjo, F. I. (1998). “Tests on double flange connectors subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading.” PCI J., 43(3), 82–96.
Pincheira, J. A., Oliva, M. G., and Zheng, W. (2005). “Behavior of double-tee flange connectors subjected to in-plane monotonic and reversed cyclic loads.” PCI J., 50(6), 32–54.
Ren, R., and Naito, C. (2010). “In-plane and Out-of-plane Performance of MC Flange Connector.” ATLSS Report No. 10-02, ATLSS Center, Lehigh University.
Shaikh, A. F., and Feile, E. P. (2002). “Testing of JVI vector connector.” Test Rep., Structural Engineering Laboratory, Milwaukee.
Shaikh, A. F., and Gehlhoff, J. (2005). “Load tests on JVI Mini-V connector anchored in 4 in. concrete slabs.” Test Rep., Structural Engineering Laboratory, Univ. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Spencer, R. A., and Neille, D. S. (1976). “Cyclic tests of welded headed stud connectors.” PCI J., 21(3), 70–83.
Venuti, W. J. (1970). “Diaphragm shear connectors between flanges of prestressed concrete T-beams.” PCI J., 15(1), 67–78.
Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. (WJE). (2002). “Dayton/Richmond flange-to-flange connector tests.” Test Rep., WJE, Northbrook, IL.
Zhang, D., Fleischman, R. B., Naito, C., and Ren, R. (2011). “Experimental evaluation of pretopped precast diaphragm critical flexure joint under seismic demands.” J. Struct. Eng., 137(10), 1063–1074.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 9, 2011
Accepted: Mar 1, 2012
Published online: Mar 6, 2012
Published in print: Jan 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.