TECHNICAL PAPERS
Jun 15, 2010

Dynamic Behavior of Taipei 101 Tower: Field Measurement and Numerical Analysis

Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 1

Abstract

This paper presents selected results measured from a monitoring system with 30 accelerometers installed at six floor levels in 508-m high Taipei 101 Tower located in Taipei City, Taiwan where earthquakes and strong typhoons are common occurrences. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the data recorded during three typhoons (Matsa, Talim, and Krosa) and a seismic event (Wenchuan earthquake occurred on May 12, 2008 in Shichuan, China) to investigate the effects of wind and seismic on the supertall building. Dynamic characteristics of the tall building such as natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios determined from the measured data are presented and compared with those calculated from the finite-element model of the high-rise structure. The seismic performance of this supertall building to a long distance earthquake (Wenchuan earthquake) is assessed based on the field measurements and numerical analysis. The findings of this study are expected to be of considerable interest and practical use to professionals and researchers involved in the design of supertall buildings.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This work described in this paper was supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No: UNSPECIFIEDCityU 116906). The writers are grateful to the owners and the management officials of Taipei 101 Tower for their supports and helps to the structural monitoring project. The writers wish to acknowledge the joint efforts of the staffs of the Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan who were involved in the establishment and development of the monitoring system. Thanks are due to Dr. Hong Fan for her contributions on the establishment of the FE model of Taipei 101 Tower.

References

Allemang, R. J., and Brown, D. L. (1982). “A correlation coefficient for modal vector analysis.” Proc., 1st Int. Modal Analysis Conf., Union College Press, Orlando, 110–116.
Andersen, P., Brincker, R., Peeters, B., and Roeck, G. D. (1999). “Comparison of system identification methods using ambient bridge test data.” Proc., 17th Int. Modal Analysis Conf., Vol. 3727, Society for Experimental Mechanics, Bethel, Conn., 1035–1041.
Bendat, J. S., and Piersol, A. G. (1993). Engineering applications of correlation and spectral analysis, 2nd Ed., Wiley, New York.
Brincker, R., Zhang, L., and Andersen, P. (2001). “Modal identification of output only systems using frequency domain decomposition.” Smart Mater. Struct., 10, 441–445.
Brownjohn, J. M. W. (2003). “Ambient vibration studies for system identification of tall buildings.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 32, 71–95.
Brownjohn, J. M. W., and Pan, T. -C. (2001). “Response of tall buildings to weak long distance earthquakes.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 30, 709–729.
Brownjohn, J. M. W., Pan, T. C., and Deng, X. Y. (2000). “Correlating dynamic characteristics from field measurements and numerical analysis of a high-rise building.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 29, 523–543.
Buildings Department of the Government of the Hong Kong SAR. (2004). Code of practice on wind effects in Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Campbell, S., Kwok, K. C. S., Hitchcock, P. A., Tse, K. T., and Leung, H. Y. (2007). “Field measurements of natural periods of vibration and structural damping of wind-excited tall residential buildings.” Wind Struct., 10(5), 401–420.
Çelebi, M. (1993). “Seismic response of eccentrically braced tall building.” J. Struct. Eng., 119(4), 1188–1205.
Çelebi, M., and Şafak, E. (1992). “Seismic response of Pacific Park Plaza. I: Data and preliminary analysis.” J. Struct. Eng., 118(6), 1547–1565.
China Earthquake Administration. (2008). “Seismic parameters of Ms 8.0 earthquake at Wenchuang County of Sichuan Province.” China seismic information, ⟨http://www.csi.ac.cn/sichuan/sichuan080512_cs1.htm⟩ (May 18, 2008) (in Chinese).
Ellis, B. R. (1980). “An assessment of the accuracy of predicting the fundamental natural frequencies of buildings and the implications concerning the dynamic analysis of structures.” Proc.- Inst. Civ. Eng., 69(3), 763–776.
Fan, H., Li, Q. S., Tuan, A. Y., and Xu, L. H. (2009). “Seismic analysis of the world’s tallest building.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 65(5), 1206–1215.
Glanville, M. J., Kwok, K. C. S., and Denoon, R. O. (1996). “Full-scale damping measurements of structures in Australia.” J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 59, 349–364.
Ivanovic, S. S., Trifunac, M. D., and Todorovska, M. I. (2000). “Ambient vibration tests of structures—A review.” ISET J. Earthquake Technol., 37, 165–197.
Jeary, A. P. (1986). “Damping in tall buildings, a mechanism and a predictor.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 14, 733–750.
Kijewski, T., and Kareem, A. (2001). “Full-scale study of the behavior of tall buildings under winds.” Proc., SPIE Symp. on NDE for Health Monitoring and Diagnostics, Bellingham, WA, 441–450.
Kim, B. H., Stubbs, N., and Park, T. (2005). “A new method to extract modal parameters using output-only responses.” J. Sound Vib., 282, 215–230.
Li, Q. S., et al. (2006). “Wind tunnel and full-scale study of wind effects on China’s tallest building.” Eng. Struct., 28, 1745–1758.
Li, Q. S., Fang, J. Q., Jeary, A. P., and Wong, C. K. (1998). “Full scale measurement of wind effects on tall buildings.” J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 74–76, 741–750.
Li, Q. S., and Wu, J. R. (2004). “Correlation of dynamic characteristic of a super tall building from full-scale measurements and numerical analysis with various finite element models.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 33(14), 1311–1336.
Li, Q. S., Xiao, Y. Q., and Wong, C. K. (2005). “Full-scale monitoring of typhoon effects on super tall buildings.” J. Fluids Struct., 20, 697–717.
Li, Q. S., Xiao, Y. Q., Wong, C. K., and Jeary, A. P. (2004). “Full-scale measurements of typhoon effects on a super tall building.” Eng. Struct., 26, 233–244.
Littler, J. D., and Ellis, B. R. (1992). “Full scale measurements to determine the response of Hume Point to wind loading.” J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 42, 1085–1096.
Magalhaes, F., Cunha, A., Caetano, E., and Brincker, R. (2010). “Damping estimation using free decays and ambient vibration tests.” Mech. Syst. Signal Process., 24(5), 1274–1290.
Michel, C., Gueguen, P., and Bard, P. -Y. (2008). “Dynamic parameters of structures extracted from ambient vibration measurements: An aid for the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing buildings in moderate seismic hazard regions.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 28, 593–604.
Ohkuma, T., Marukawa, H., Niihori, Y., and Kato, N. (1991). “Full-scale measurement of wind pressures and response accelerations of a high-rise building.” J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 38, 185–196.
Pan, T. C. (1995). “When the doorbell rings—A case of building response to a long distance earthquake.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 24, 1343–1353.
Pan, T. -C., Brownjohn, J. M. W., and You, X. T. (2004). “Correlating measured and simulated dynamic responses of a tall building to long-distance earthquakes.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 33, 611–632.
Peeters, B., and Roeck, G. D. (2001). “Stochastic system identification for operational modal analysis: A review.” J. Dyn. Syst., Meas., Control, 123, 659–667.
Pirnia, J. D., Kijewski-Correa, T., Abdelrazaq, A., Chung, J. Y., and Kareem, A. (2007). “Full-scale validation of wind-induced response of tall buildings: Investigation of amplitude-dependent properties.” Proc., 2007 Structures Congress, Long Beach, Calif., 1–10.
Research Institute of Building and Construction. (2003). “Report on the structural design scheme of Taipei 101.” Rep. Prepared for Evengreen Consulting Engineering, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan.
Şafak, E., and Çelebi, M. (1992). “Recorded seismic response of Pacific Park Plaza. II: System identification.” J. Struct. Eng., 118(6), 1566–1589.
Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand. (2002). “Australian/New Zealand Standard, Structural design actions. Part 2: Wind actions.” AS/NZS 1170.2, Australia/New Zealand.
Tamura, Y., Suda, K., and Sasaki, A. (2000). “Damping in buildings for wind resistant design.” Proc., Int. Symp. on Wind and Structures for the 21st Century, Techno Press, Yuseong-gu Daejeon, Korea, 115–130.
Tamura, Y., and Suganuma, S. (1996). “Evaluation of amplitude-dependent damping and natural frequency of buildings during strong winds.” J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 59, 115–130.
Tamura, Y., Yoshida, A., and Zhang, L. (2005). “Damping in buildings and estimation techniques.” Proc., 6th Asia-Pacific Conf. on Wind Engineering, Techno Press, Yuseong-gu Daejeon, Korea, 193–214.
Tao, N. F., and Brownjohn, J. M. W. (1998). “Estimation of ground motion acceleration and building response to a long distance earthquake.” J. Earthquake Eng., 2(3), 477–485.
Waters, T. P. (1995). “Finite element model updating using measured frequency response functions.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Bristol, U.K.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 137Issue 1January 2011
Pages: 143 - 155

History

Received: Dec 23, 2009
Accepted: Jun 6, 2010
Published online: Jun 15, 2010
Published in print: Jan 2011

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Q. S. Li, M.ASCE [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of Building and Construction, City Univ. of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong (corresponding author). E-mail:[email protected]
Lun-Hai Zhi
Ph.D. Candidate, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan Univ., Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
Alex Y. Tuan
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Tamkang Univ., Tamsui, Taiwan.
Chin-Sheng Kao
Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Tamkang Univ., Tamsui, Taiwan.
Sheng-Chung Su
Junior Technical Specialist, Central Weather Bureau, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chien-Fu Wu
Chief, Central Weather Bureau, Taipei, Taiwan.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share