Effective Topology of Bolted Connections for Detecting Damage Using Guided Wave Ultrasonics
Publication: Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction
Volume 26, Issue 1
Abstract
Structures will eventually develop defects due to aging or overloading, which negatively affect the load-bearing capacity. In certain design details, defects are hidden and difficult to inspect with conventional inspection methods. It is important to introduce damage detection concepts into the earliest stage of structural design. Bolted connections in steel structures form the weakest link due to the risk of stress concentration, stress corrosion cracking, or galvanic corrosion between the connected elements, which cannot be seen visually. In conventional practice, bolts are placed based on the minimum and maximum spacing requirements guided by the American Institute of Steel Construction. In this paper, the periodic placement of bolts instead of irregular distribution was studied as improving the detectability of defects using guided wave ultrasonics. The periodic arrangement of bolts led to a unique frequency response that was utilized in the evaluation of connections based on the hypothesis that the periodic response was influenced by the presence of cracks or section loss. The frequency response curves depending on the bolt layout and topology were obtained numerically. The vibration mode influenced by the presence of defects was identified. The numerical results were validated with the scaled experiments. It was shown that the spatial distribution of bolts assists the damage detection ability, which can be considered as a design criterion of bolt distribution.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This investigation was supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. CMMI 1552375 entitled “CAREER: Engineered Spatially Periodic Structure Design Integrated with Damage Detection Philosophy.” The support from the sponsoring organization is gratefully acknowledged. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations acknowledged.
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Published In
Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction
Volume 26 • Issue 1 • February 2021
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 6, 2020
Accepted: Oct 9, 2020
Published online: Dec 15, 2020
Published in print: Feb 1, 2021
Discussion open until: May 15, 2021
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