Uplift Capacity and Impact Resistance of Roof Tiles
Publication: Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction
Volume 16, Issue 3
Abstract
Roof coverings, particularly barrel tiles, have experienced significant damage over the last few years from storms, even weaker storms such as Category 1 Hurricane Wilma in 2005. Efforts have been made to ban mortar-set attachments in southern Florida in favor of adhesive sets. Moreover, some homeowners have generalized the poor performance of clay or concrete tiles in favor of one or the other. This study aims to address whether there is a significant difference in the uplift capacity and impact resistance of field and ridge tiles of clay and concrete with either mortar-set or adhesive-set attachments. The detailed experimental study revealed the strongest system to be concrete tiles with mortar, both for uplift capacity and impact resistance. Although concrete tiles bond to mortar much better than clay tiles, clay tiles adhere better to the foam adhesive. Concrete tiles were also shown to perform better than clay tiles when impacted by a traveling projectile. Test results do not support the ban on the use of mortar for hip and ridge tiles. It is suggested that any such ban on mortar should be limited to clay tiles only. The study also showed cyclic testing to more accurately represent the uplift capacity of tiles for real hurricane conditions. In contrast, the monotonic testing used by tile manufacturers across the industry was found to overestimate the uplift capacity of tiles by as much as 40%.
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Acknowledgments
Support for this study was provided by the Florida Department of Community Affairs through the International Hurricane Research Center at the Florida International University. The authors extend their sincere gratitude to Mr. Chadi Younes and Mr. Bin Li for their assistance in some of the experiments in this study. The findings and opinions expressed in this paper, however, are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily represent the views of the sponsoring agencies.
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Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 31, 2008
Accepted: Sep 16, 2010
Published online: Sep 18, 2010
Published in print: Aug 1, 2011
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