Wind Performance Assessment of Postdisaster Housing in the Philippines
Publication: Natural Hazards Review
Volume 22, Issue 4
Abstract
Although organizations build housing in resource-limited contexts after typhoons and other disasters that is intended to be safer than what existed previously, the performance of these houses in future typhoons—and the factors influencing their performance—is unknown. This study developed a component-level, performance-based wind engineering assessment framework and evaluated the wind performance of 12 semiengineered postdisaster housing designs, representing thousands of houses that were constructed in the Philippines after Typhoon Yolanda. We found that roof panel loss likely occurs first for most designs, at wind speeds equivalent to a Category 2 hurricane/Signal 3 typhoon. Roof shape determines whether this loss is caused by failure at the panel–fastener interface or the purlin-to-truss connection. However, houses with wooden frames and woven bamboo walls also may experience catastrophic racking failures at wind speeds equivalent to Signal 2 or 3 typhoons, a situation exacerbated by strengthening the roof. Results also showed that wind performance varies with roof shape, component spacing, panel thickness, eave length, and connection between purlin and truss. Organizations can use these results to improve housing performance, taking specific care to increase wall capacity. This framework can be expanded to assess housing performance in other resource-limited contexts.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, including measurements of studied house designs and wind analysis code.
Acknowledgments
We thank the households that participated in this research, allowing us access to their homes. We acknowledge our research assistants, Dina Pelayo, Denver Evangelista, Eugenio Boco, Hyacinth Raga, Angelou Cinco, Darlyn Diang, and Kristhyl Tunggolh, for their assistance in collecting housing measurements, photos, and materials, and Dr. Matthew Koschmann and Briar Goldwyn for their assistance with reconnaissance following Typhoon Ursula. Additionally, we thank the organizations, Dr. Aaron Opdyke, and Dr. Shaye Palagi for information about the housing designs. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Award #1901808, a USAID/Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) Graduate Fellowship in Humanitarian Shelter and Settlements, a University of Colorado Innovation Seed Grant, and the US Department of Education’s GAANN #P200A150042. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF, USAID/OFDA, the Research and Innovation Office (RIO), or the US Department of Education.
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Natural Hazards Review
Volume 22 • Issue 4 • November 2021
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: May 5, 2020
Accepted: Mar 8, 2021
Published online: Jun 17, 2021
Published in print: Nov 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Nov 17, 2021
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