Technical Papers
Feb 24, 2022

Grouting Material Development and Dynamic Grouting Test of Broken Rock Mass

Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34, Issue 5

Abstract

To solve the problem of the unsatisfactory effect of grouting reinforcement in broken rock mass, a cement-based composite slurry was successfully prepared by using ordinary Portland cement as the main material in this study. By conducting a single factor test, orthogonal test, and organic compound modification test, the effects of different addition ratios of fly ash, clay and waterborne polyurethane, epoxy resin, and other organic materials on the grouting performance of cement slurry were analyzed. In addition, a grouting simulation test system was used to verify the reinforcement effect of the prepared composite slurry. The results indicate that the addition ratio of clay and fly ash has a strong influence on the strength and stone rate of cement slurry. The final setting time of the best mixed slurry can be shortened to 11 h, and the compressive strength after 28 days can reach 18 MPa. The composite slurry modified by organic materials has a reinforcement coefficient of up to 4.6 for crushed sandstone, which significantly improved the brittle failure phenomenon of the reinforcement stone body and, thus, has high application value.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on request.

Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC0604702), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51509149, 51379119, and 51774199), Shandong Key Research and Development Plan (2018GSF120009), the Key Technology Project for Safe Production and Heavy Accident Prevention and Control (gaoxiao-0008-2017AQ and shandong-0016-2018AQ), and the Special Project of First-class Discipline for Mining Engineering Construction (01CK00605 and 03CK01702). Thank you for the conditions provided by Professor Zhang and the help provided by our research team.

References

Ai, H. 2005. “Design of mixture proportions and study on performance of high fly ash content concrete.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Hydraulic Structure Engineering, Dalian Univ. of Technology.
Anagnostopoulos, C. A. 2007. “Cement–clay grouts modified with acrylic resin or methyl methacrylate ester: Physical and mechanical properties.” Constr. Build. Mater. 21 (2): 252–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.12.007.
Athimoolam, M., T. V. Moorthy, and A. Sureshbabu. 2016. “Empirical modeling and experimental investigation of the amine treated nanoclay reinforced epoxy-polyurethane blended resin composites.” Polym. Polym. Compos. 24 (7): 539–546. https://doi.org/10.1177/096739111602400713.
Çelik, S., P. Majedi, and S. Akbulut. 2019. “Granular soil improvement by using polyester grouts.” Iran. J. Sci. Technol. Trans. Civ. Eng. 43 (3): 599–606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-018-0203-3.
Chen, X. X., and J. P. Wu. 2018. “Study on the mechanism and control technology of large deformation of roadway surrounding rock in the fault fracture zone.” J. Min. Saf. Eng. 35 (5): 885–892. https://doi.org/10.13545/j.cnki.jmse.2018.05.002.
Chian, S. C., S. T. Nguyen, and K. K. Phoon. 2016. “Extended strength development model of cement-treated clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 142 (2): 06015014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001400.
Coppola, O., G. Magliulo, and E. Di Maio. 2017. “Mechanical characterization of a polyurethane-cement hybrid foam in compression, tension, and shear.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (2): 04016211. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001738.
Dong, H. H., and X. Y. Zhu. 2017. “Epoxy resins modified by hyperbranched polyurethanes with different composition.” Acta Polym. Sin. 76 (Feb): 342–350. https://doi.org/10.11777/j.issn.1000-3304.2017.16290.
Fares, G., A. Alhozaimy, O. A. Alawad, and A. Al-Negheimish. 2016. “Evaluation of powdered scoria rocks from various volcanic lava fields as cementitious material.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 28 (3): 04015139. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001428.
Feng, Z. Q., and H. P. Kang. 2010. “Development and application of new waterproof grouting materials of polyurethane.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng. 32 (3): 375–380.
Gullu, H. 2015. “On the viscous behavior of cement mixtures with clay, sand, lime and bottom ash for jet grouting.” Constr. Build. Mater. 93 (Sep): 891–910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.072.
Guo, D. M., T. Y. He, R. S. Yang, S. D. Ye, Y. Q. Zhang, and X. P. Li. 2017. “CT analysis on micro-cement grouting effect for fractured rock sample.” J. Min. Saf. Eng. 34 (5): 987–992.
He, Z., Q. Li, J. Wang, N. Yin, S. Jiang, and M. Kang. 2016. “Effect of silane treatment on the mechanical properties of polyurethane/water glass grouting materials.” Constr. Build. Mater. 116 (Jul): 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.04.112.
Horpibulsuk, S., C. Phetchuay, and A. Chinkulkijniwat. 2012. “Soil stabilization by calcium carbide residue and fly ash.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 24 (2): 184–193. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000370.
Hussain, H. K., G. W. Liu, and Y. W. Yong. 2014. “Experimental study to investigate mechanical properties of new material polyurethane–cement composite (PUC).” Constr. Build. Mater. 50 (Jan): 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.09.035.
Kang, X., G.-C. Kang, and L. Ge. 2013. “Modified time of setting test for fly ash paste and fly ash–soil mixtures.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 25 (2): 296–301. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000604.
Ke, G., X. Yang, H. Peng, F. Jia, and H. Yue. 2005. “Progress of research on chemical activating mechanisms of fly ash.” J. China Coal Soc. 2005 (3): 366–370.
Kostrzewa, M., M. Bakar, A. Bialkowska, J. Szymańska, and W. Kucharczyk. 2019. “Structure and properties evaluation of epoxy resin modified with polyurethane based on polymeric MDI and different polyols.” Polym. Polym. Compos. 27 (2): 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/0967391118814595.
Li, Z. 2016. “Development and application of grouting material and the reinforcement mechanism for rich-water broken rock mass.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, College of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy, Shandong Univ.
Li, Z., S. Li, R. Liu, Y. Jiang, and F. Sha. 2017. “Grouting reinforcement experiment for water-rich broken rock mass.” Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng. 36 (1): 199–207. https://doi.org/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0119.
Li, Z.-F., S.-C. Li, R.-T. Liu, Y.-J. Jiang, Q.-S. Zhang, L. Yang, F. Sha, B.-H. Chen, and H.-L. Wang. 2016a. “Development of the grouting material for reinforcing water-rich broken rock masses and its application.” Rock Soil Mech. 37 (7): 1937–1946. https://doi.org/10.16285/j.rsm.2016.07.014.
Li, Z.-F., S.-C. Li, Q.-S. Zhang, Y.-J. Jiang, R.-T. Liu, L. Yang, J.-W. Bai, F. Sha, B.-H. Chen, and X.-Z. Wu. 2016b. “Model tests on grouting reinforcement of water-rich broken rock mass.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng. 38 (12): 2246–2253. https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201612013.
Liu, R., S. Li, Q. Zhang, X. Yuan, and W. Han. 2011. “Experiment and application research on a new type of dynamic water grouting material.” Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng. 30 (7): 1454–1459.
Liu, R., L. Zhang, Q. Zhang, Z. Sun, Z. Zheng, H. Wang, and S. Zhang. 2017. “Model test on quick setting slurry diffusion law of crack grouting with dynamic water.” China Civ. Eng. J. 50 (1): 82–90.
Liu, X., J. Wang, K. Huang, and F. Li. 2019. “Experimental study on dynamic water grouting of modified water-soluble polyurethane.” KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 23 (9): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-0086-2.
Liu, Y. 2013. “The preparation and properties of security polyurethane grouting material for reinforcement in coal mine.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Materials Engineering, Hefei Univ. of Technology.
Ma, D. 2015. “The preparation and properties of modified polyurethane grouting reinforcement materials.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Materials Engineering, Hefei Univ. of Technology.
Mahesh, K. P. O., and M. Alagar. 2003. “Preparation and characterization of chain-extended bismaleimide modified polyurethane–epoxy matrices.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 87 (10): 1562–1568. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.11390.
Markou, I. N., and D. K. Atmatzidis. 2002. “Properties and performance of a pulverized fly ash grout.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 128 (8): 682–691. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2002)128:8(682).
Mollamahmutoğlu, M., and E. Avci. 2015. “Ultrafine Portland cement grouting performance with or without additives.” KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 19 (7): 2041–2050. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-1445-7.
Pang, W. 2013. “Blenging fly ash compound cement soil mechanical properties and durability research.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, Agricultural Hydraulic Construction, Inner Mongolia Agricultural Univ.
Pastor, J. L., J. M. Ortega, M. Flor, M. P. López, I. Sanchez, and M. A. Climent. 2016. “Microstructure and durability of fly ash cement grouts for micropiles.” Constr. Build. Mater. 117 (Aug): 47–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.04.154.
Peng, Y.-J., X. He, Q. Wu, P.-H. Sun, C.-J. Wang, and X.-Z. Liu. 2018. “A new recyclable crosslinked polymer combined polyurethane and epoxy resin.” Polymer 149 (Aug): 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2018.06.082.
Perez-Garcia, F., M. E. Parron-Rubio, J. M. Garcia-Manrique, and M. D. Rubio-Cintas. 2019. “Study of the suitability of different types of slag and its influence on the quality of green grouts obtained by partial replacement of cement.” Materials 12 (7): 1166. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071166.
Qu, J. Q., and H. Q. Chen. 2002. “Synthesis and properties of epoxy modified waterborne polyurethane coatings.” J. Chem. Eng. Chin. Univ. 2002 (5): 570–574.
Raftari, M., A. S. A. Rashid, K. A. Kassim, and H. Moayedi. 2014. “Evaluation of kaolin slurry properties treated with cement.” Measurement 50 (Apr): 222–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2013.12.042.
Saleh, S., N. Z. M. Yunus, K. Ahmad, and N. Ali. 2019. “Improving the strength of weak soil using polyurethane grouts: A review.” Constr. Build. Mater. 202 (Mar): 738–752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.048.
Sha, F., S. Li, R. Liu, Z. Zhang, and Q. Zhang. 2018. “Experimental study on performance of cement-based grouts admixed with fly ash, bentonite, superplasticizer and water glass.” Constr. Build. Mater. 161 (Feb): 282–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.11.034.
Sha, F., C. Lin, Z. Li, and R. Liu. 2019. “Reinforcement simulation of water-rich and broken rock with Portland cement-based grout.” Constr. Build. Mater. 221 (Oct): 292–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.094.
Wang, J., L. Zhang, X. Feng, S. Zhao, and H. Wang. 2015. “Experiment and application research on alkali-activated geopolymer two-component grouting material.” Supplement, Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng. 34 (S2): 4418–4425. https://doi.org/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0984.
Wang, K. 2017. “Study on grouting for water inrush in completely weathered granite and its application.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, College of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy, Shandong Univ.
Wang, X. H. 1999. “SEM study of hardening processes of clay-hardening grouts.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng. (1): 37–43.
Wang, Y. 2011. “Study on fractal characteristics of microstructure of clay fracturing grouting.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest Univ. of Science and Technology.
Wang, Y., L. Hou, Z. Liu, S. Li, and Z. Li. 2019. “Study on coating properties of waterborne polyurethane modified epoxy resin latex.” Mater. Rep. 33 (14): 2456–2460.
Wu, Y. H. 2016. “Study on performance of polyurethane cement mortar.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Hohai Univ.
Xing, G. 2016. “The research on low heat storage of modified PU composite grouting material.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Univ.
Xu, K., C. Li, C. Wang, Y. Jiang, Y. Liu, and H. Xie. 2019. “Natural and acid-treated attapulgite reinforced soybean oil-based polyurethane/epoxy resin interpenetrating polymer networks.” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 137 (4): 1189–1198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08033-x.
Yang, L., R.-F. Lin, Z.-F. Li, S.-C. Li, Q. S. Zhang, R.-T. Liu, X. Zhang, K. Wang, and H. Chen. 2018. “Influence of grout viscosity on the grouting reinforcement effect of completely weathered granite.” China J. Highway Transp. 31 (10): 246–254.
Yang, X. H., and A. Xi. 2004. “Application of cement-silicate double solution grouting in loess tunnel construction.” China J. Highway Transp. 17 (2): 69–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02911033.
Yu, J., and C. K. Y. Leung. 2017. “Strength improvement of strain-hardening cementitious composites with ultrahigh-volume fly ash.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (9): 05017003. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001987.
Zhang, C., J. Yang, X. Ou, J. Fu, Y. Xie, and X. Liang. 2018. “Clay dosage and water/cement ratio of clay-cement grout for optimal engineering performance.” Appl. Clay Sci. 163 (Oct): 312–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2018.07.035.
Zhang, C., J.-S. Yang, J.-Y. Fu, X.-F. Ou, Y.-P. Xie, Y. Dai, and J.-S. Lei. 2019a. “A new clay-cement composite grouting material for tunnelling in underwater karst area.” J. Cent. South Univ. 26 (7): 1863–1873. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-019-4140-5.
Zhang, J., S. Li, X. Zhang, Q. Zhang, Z. Liu, W. Zhang, and P. Li. 2017. “Development and application of a new comprehensive grouting reinforcement test system.” Chin. J. Eng. 39 (8): 1268–1277. https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn.2095-9389.2017.08.018.
Zhang, L. 2014. “Research on optimal ratio and indoor grouting test of cement-fly ash-clay grout.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan Univ. of Science and Technology.
Zhang, L. Z., Z. P. Li, R. T. Liu, Q. S. Zhang, and S. C. Li. 2019b. “Simulation tests on fracture-compaction grouting process in sand layer.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng. 41 (4): 665–674.
Zhang, S., W. G. Qiao, P. C. Chen, and K. Xi. 2019c. “Rheological and mechanical properties of microfine-cement-based grouts mixed with microfine fly ash, colloidal nanosilica and superplasticizer.” Constr. Build. Mater. 212 (Jul): 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.314.
Zhang, X. 2019. “Study on engineering properties of polyurethane grouting material and the reinforcement of soft sand.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan Univ. of Technology.
Zhi-Quan, Y., N. Xiang-Dong, H. Ke-Peng, Z. Zong-Hong, L. Wei, G. Yan-Hui, C. Yong, and Y. Ba-Jiu. 2015. “Study of grouting diffusion parameters in gravel soil.” Supplement, Rock Soil Mech. 36 (S1): 397–402. https://doi.org/10.16285/j.rsm.2015.S1.069.
Zhu, J. 2014. “The preparation and property of waterborne polyurethane grouting materials.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Materials Engineering, Hefei Univ. of Technology.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34Issue 5May 2022

History

Received: Jan 4, 2021
Accepted: Sep 14, 2021
Published online: Feb 24, 2022
Published in print: May 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Jul 24, 2022

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Research Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Hohai Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China. Email: [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong Univ. of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; Professor, Dept. of Mining Engineering, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center, Qingdao 266590, China (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4490-0866. Email: [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong Univ. of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China. Email: [email protected]
Master, Dept. of State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong Univ. of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China. Email: [email protected]
Fenqian Yan [email protected]
Master, Dept. of State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong Univ. of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

  • Experimental Study on Performance of Modified Cement-Based Building Materials under High-Water-Pressure Surrounding Rock Environment, Coatings, 10.3390/coatings13030501, 13, 3, (501), (2023).
  • Experimental Study on Floor Damage and Slurry Material Ratio Optimization in Deep and High Confined Water Mining, Processes, 10.3390/pr10091806, 10, 9, (1806), (2022).
  • Coagulation Mechanism and Compressive Strength Characteristics Analysis of High-Strength Alkali-Activated Slag Grouting Material, Polymers, 10.3390/polym14193980, 14, 19, (3980), (2022).
  • Recycling of Waste Stone Powder in High Fluidity Grouting Materials for Geotechnical Engineering Reinforcement, Buildings, 10.3390/buildings12111887, 12, 11, (1887), (2022).
  • Effects of sodium aluminate and quicklime on the properties of CSA grouting materials, Journal of Building Engineering, 10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105060, 58, (105060), (2022).
  • Research and application of multi-functional acrylic resin grouting material, Construction and Building Materials, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129381, 359, (129381), (2022).

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share