Performance and Toxic Leaching Evaluation of Dense-Graded Asphalt Concrete Using Steel Slag as Aggregate
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33, Issue 1
Abstract
The comparative performance between steel slag (S) and limestone (L) as aggregates in dense-graded asphalt concretes were investigated in this research. The performance tests for fatigue cracking were undertaken using indirect tensile strength (ITS) tests, indirect tensile fatigue life (ITFL) tests, and indirect tensile resilient modulus () tests. Dynamic creep tests and wheel tracking tests were also performed to assess the rutting behavior of these pavement materials. A heavy metal leaching test was also carried out to ensure that asphalt concrete with the usage of S, as a sustainable aggregate, was safe for the environment. The results indicated that asphalt concretes with S had better Marshall’s stability than the asphalt concretes with L, even though they had slightly less ITS values. The ITFL and of S asphalt concretes were higher than those of L asphalt concretes, indicating higher fatigue cracking resistance. The of S asphalt concretes were found to be higher than the required 3,100 MPa value recommended by AASHTO, while L asphalt concretes did not meet this requirement. In addition, the dynamic creep and wheel tracking test results showed that the S asphalt concretes had superior resistance to permanent deformation as compared to the L asphalt concretes. The usage of medium-sized S aggregate in developing asphalt concrete was evidently more sustainable in terms of engineering and economic perspectives than the usage of large-sized S aggregate. The research results indicated that the sustainable usage of S in asphalt concrete was suitable for the development of heavy traffic volume roads.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the finding of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. All data shown in figures and tables can be provided on request.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency under the Chair Professor program Grant No. P-19-52303, Suranaree University of Technology and the Office of the Higher Education Commission under the NRU Project of Thailand. The equipment and devices provided by the Bureau of Materials Analysis and Inspection, Department of Highways are appreciated. The sixth and seventh authors would like to acknowledge the Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Advanced Technologies in Rail Track Infrastructure (IC170100006) funded by the Australian Government.
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Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33 • Issue 1 • January 2021
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© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 27, 2020
Accepted: Jul 6, 2020
Published online: Oct 29, 2020
Published in print: Jan 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Mar 29, 2021
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