Performance Improvement of Asphalt Concretes Using Steel Slag as a Replacement Material
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32, Issue 8
Abstract
The increased proportion of traffic volumes on roads is often the cause of distress to the pavement structure. The use of strong and durable steel slag (S) as an aggregate material in asphalt concrete can enhance the load-bearing capacity while at the same time conserving natural resources, resulting in a sustainable asphalt pavement system. This research evaluated the feasibility of using S to replace natural limestone (L) at various aggregate sizes in asphalt concrete. The measured performance of the L-S asphalt concretes was compared with that of L asphalt concretes and granite (G) asphalt concretes. Two types of asphalt cements, Penetration Grade AC60/70 and polymer-modified asphalt (PMA), were utilized in this research project. The mix proportions were prepared by separating each original aggregate (S, L, and G) into four bins, Bin 1 (), Bin 2 (), Bin 3 (), and Bin 4 (), and trial mixing them together. Five types of aggregate included L:L:L:L, L:G:G:G, L:S:S:S, L:L:S:S, and L:L:L:S, where the first, second, third, and fourth letters denote the types of aggregates in Bins 1–4, respectively. The asphalt concretes were prepared at 4% air voids using the Marshall compaction method. The performance tests included indirect tensile, fatigue life, resilient modulus, dynamic creep, and wheel tracking tests. S was found to improve the Marshall stability properties of the asphalt concrete by a maximum of 50%. The fatigue life, resilient modulus, and rut depth resistance of the L:S:S:S-AC60/70 were found to be 1.6, 1.4, and 1.4 times higher than that of L:L:L:L-AC60/70, respectively. The fatigue life and resilient modulus values of the L:S:S:S-AC60/70 concrete were found to be close to those of L:L:L:L-PMA concrete. The performance of L:S:S:S-AC60/70 concrete was found to be comparable to that of the costly L:L:L:L-PMA concrete, and had a longer service life than L:L:L:L-AC60/70 concrete with the same thickness. The research outcomes of this study will promote the use of S as a sustainable aggregate for pavement concrete construction.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are proprietary or confidential in nature and may be provided only with restrictions.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support by the National Science and Technology Development Agency under the Chair Professor grant (P-19-52303) and Suranaree University of Technology. The equipment and devices provided by the Bureau of Materials Analysis and Inspection, Department of Highways, are appreciated. The fifth and sixth authors acknowledge the Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Advanced Technologies in Rail Track Infrastructure (IC170100006), funded by the Australian Government, for supporting this research.
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Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32 • Issue 8 • August 2020
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©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jul 30, 2019
Accepted: Feb 11, 2020
Published online: May 30, 2020
Published in print: Aug 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Oct 30, 2020
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