Numerical Search of the Optimum Curing Regimes for High-Early-Strength Concrete
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32, Issue 4
Abstract
High-early-strength concrete (HESC) made of Type III cement attains approximately 60%–70% of its design compressive strength at ambient temperature in 1 day. A numerical method incorporating a rate-constant model was developed to optimize curing regimes for HESC at preassigned maximum temperatures of 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C with design concrete compressive strengths of 30, 40, and 50 MPa. The use of HESC after optimization resulted in 36%–55% savings in terms of energy index, compared with the curing regime typically applied for concrete with Type I cement. Experimental verification was performed by compression tests for HESC that were cured according to the optimum regimes. Compared with conventional trial-and-error mix methods, the developed numerical model contributes to a significant reduction of the number of trial mixes and provides in a systematic way the effects of design variables on optimum curing regimes.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by Chung-Ang University Research Grants in 2017, and the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2013R1A2A2A01011563).
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 1992. Accelerated curing of concrete at atmospheric pressure-state of the art. ACI 517.2-2R-87. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2014. Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary. ACI 318. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ASTM. 2017. Standard practice for estimating concrete strength by the maturity method. ASTM C1074. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Cheng, F. Y., and D. Lin. 1997. “Multiobjective optimization design with Pareto genetic algorithm.” J. Struct. Eng. 123 (9): 1252–1261. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:9(1252).
Erdogdu, S., and S. Kurbetci. 1998. “Optimum heat treatment cycle for cements of different type and composition.” Cem. Concr. Res. 28 (11): 1595–1604. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00134-3.
Hansen, P. F., and E. J. Pedersen. 1997. “Maturity computer for controlled curing and hardening of concrete.” J. Nordic Concr. (1): 21–25.
Hanson, J. A. 1963. “Optimum steam curing procedure in pre-casting plants.” J. Am. Concr. Inst. 60 (1): 75–100.
Hwang, S. D., R. Khatib, H. K. Lee, S. H. Lee, and K. H. Khayat. 2012. “Optimization of steam-curing regime for high-strength, self-consolidating concrete for precast, prestressed concrete applications.” PCI J. 57 (3): 2–16. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.06012012.48.62.
Kosmatka, S. H., and M. L. Wilson. 2011. Design and control of concrete mixtures. 15th ed. Skokie, IL: Portland Cement Association.
Lee, C., S. Lee, and N. Nguyen. 2016. “Modeling of compressive strength development of high-early-strength-concrete at different curing temperatures.” Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. 10 (2): 205–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-016-0147-6.
Liao, W. C., B. J. Lee, and C. W. Kang. 2008. “A humidity-adjusted maturity function for the early age strength prediction of concrete.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 30 (6): 515–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.02.006.
Powell, M. J. 1964. “An efficient method for finding the minimum of a function of several variables without calculating derivatives.” Comput. J. 7 (2): 155–162. https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/7.2.155.
Ramezanianpour, A. A., M. H. Khazali, and P. Vosoughi. 2013. “Effect of steam curing cycles on strength and durability of SCC: A case study in precast.” Constr. Build. Mater. 49 (Dec): 807–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.040.
Sajedi, F., and H. A. Razak. 2011. “Effects of curing regimes and cement fineness on the compressive strength of ordinary portland cement mortars.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (4): 2036–2045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.043.
Schindler, A. K., and K. J. Folliard. 2005. “Heat of hydration models for cementitious materials.” ACI Mater. J. 102 (1): 24–33.
Tank, R. C., and N. J. Carino. 1991. “Rate constant functions for strength development of concrete.” ACI Mater. J. 88 (1): 74–83.
Yang, K. H., J. S. Mun, D. G. Kim, and M. S. Cho. 2016. “Comparison of strength-maturity models accounting for hydration heat in massive walls.” Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. 10 (1): 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-016-0128-9.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 29, 2019
Accepted: Oct 2, 2019
Published online: Feb 11, 2020
Published in print: Apr 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jul 11, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.