Dynamic- and Static-Elastic Moduli and Strength Properties of Early-Age Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Mixtures

This paper investigates the development of compressive strength ($f_c^{\prime }$), flexural strength ($f_r$), and static elastic modulus ($E_c$) in relation to the dynamic modulus ($E_d$) for portland concrete cement (PCC) pavement and patch mixtures. The study in this paper was motivated by the need to establish the less commonly known $f_r-E_d$ relationship in comparison with the more established $f_c^{\prime }-E_d$ models. A total of 399 cylinders and 144 beams were cast and cured under laboratory (23°C) and cold (7.22°C) regimes. Experiments were conducted at concrete ages ranging from 12 h to 28 days. Cylinder specimens were subjected to $f_c^{\prime }$, $E_c$, and transverse dynamic modulus ($E_{dc}^T$) tests. Beam specimens were subjected to $f_r$, transverse ($E_{dp}^T$), and longitudinal ($E_{dp}^L$) dynamic modulus tests. Early opening to traffic (EOT) concrete strength criteria were accurately predicted as most $f_c^{\prime }$ and $f_r$ estimates fell within 10% of relative error when respectively using $E_{dc}^T$ and $E_{dp}^T$. Overall, the normalized development of $f_c^{\prime }-E_{dc}^T$ and $f_r-E_{dp}^T$ relationships reveals distinct growth trends as $f_r$ developed at a higher power factor.