Using Calcined Waste Eggshells to Remove Sulfate in Nonpotable Concrete Mixing Water
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 6
Abstract
The experimental and theoretical potential of using calcined waste eggshells (CWEs) to remove sulfate from sulfate-laden concrete mixing water was investigated in this work. Waste eggshells were first calcined at 800°C and batch-reacted with sodium sulfate solutions. Laboratory experiments elucidated the effect of initial sulfate concentration, temperature of reaction, and CWE particle size on total sulfate removal. Experimental results indicate a maximum sulfate removal of via calcium sulfate mineral precipitation in laboratory batch reactions. To quantify the maximum sulfate removal potential of CWEs, batch reactions were simulated using PHREEQC, a geochemical code. After validating the simulation approach with experimental data obtained herein, PHREEQC was used to investigate the maximum sulfate removed as a function of CWE addition (). Results indicate that sulfate-laden waters () can be decreased to with CWE additions of in order to comply with the standard specification for maximum allowable sulfates in water intended for use in the production of hydraulic cement concrete.
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Acknowledgments
This research was made possible by the Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the Sustainable Infrastructure Materials Laboratory (SIMLab) at the University of Colorado Boulder. This work was supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation (Award No. CBET-1604457). Dr. Fred Luiszer of the Geological Sciences Department at the University of Colorado Boulder, Dr. Kate Campbell and Tyler Kane of the USGS are gratefully acknowledged for their insights and assistance. This work represents the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the sponsors.
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Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31 • Issue 6 • June 2019
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 27, 2018
Accepted: Dec 3, 2018
Published online: Mar 27, 2019
Published in print: Jun 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Aug 27, 2019
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