Analytical and Model Studies on Behavior of Rigid Polyurethane Composite Aggregate under Compression
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 3
Abstract
To determine the mechanical behavior of rigid polyurethane composite aggregate (RPC) in compression, uniaxial compressive tests of RPC specimens, which were molded by reaction injection, were conducted under different specimen densities. The failure behavior of the specimens was observed by macroscopic compression tests and microscopic scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests. Based on the classical mechanical constitutive model of ordinary concrete and RPC uniaxial compression tests results, a three-stage model considering specimen’s density was proposed to describe the RPC’s mechanical behavior. Although this model is more suitable for single-sized RPC, a mechanical theoretical model that is suitable for different grades of RPC was proposed based on damage mechanics theory. The three-stage model has fewer parameters and higher accuracy for single-sized RPC’s stress-strain curves than does the mechanical theoretical model. The latter model is suitable not only for single-sized RPC but also for different grades of RPC.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 51108150, 51408005, and 51508147).
References
Ai, S., L. Tang, Y. Mao, Y. Pei, Y. Liu, and D. Fang. 2013. “Effect of aggregate distribution and shape on failure behavior of polyurethane polymer concrete under tension.” Comput. Mater. Sci. 67: 133–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.08.029.
Alfarah, B., F. López-Almansa, and S. Oller. 2017. “New methodology for calculating damage variables evolution in plastic damage model for RC structures.” Eng. Struct. 132: 70–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.022.
ASTM. 2000. Standard test method for compressive properties of rigid cellular plastics. ASTM D1621-00. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Avalle, M., G. Belingardi, and A. Ibba. 2007. “Mechanical models of cellular solids: Parameters identification from experimental tests.” Int. J. Impact. Eng. 34 (1): 3–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.06.012.
Chen, X., S. Wu, and J. Zhou. 2013a. “Experimental study and analytical formulation of mechanical behavior of concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 47 (10): 662–670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.041.
Chen, X., S. Wu, J. Zhou, and Y. Chen. 2013b. “Effect of testing method and strain rate on stress-strain behavior of concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 25 (11): 1752–1761. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000732.
Chinese Standard. 2002. Standard for test method of performance on ordinary fresh concrete. GB/T 50080-2002. Beijing: Chinese Standard.
Chinese Standard. 2004. Technical specifications for construction of highway asphalt pavements. JTG F40-2004. Beijing: Chinese Standard.
Coppola, O., G. Magliulo, and E. D. Maio. 2016. “Mechanical characterization of a polyurethane-cement hybrid foam in compression, tension, and shear.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (2): 04016211. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001738.
Cui, C., Q. Huang, D. Li, C. Quan, and H. Li. 2016. “Stress-strain relationship in axial compression for EPS concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 105: 377–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.159.
Dai, Q., K. Ng, J. Zhou, E. L. Kreiger, and T. M. Ahlborn. 2012. “Damage investigation of single-edge notched beam tests with normal strength concrete and ultra high performance concrete specimens using acoustic emission techniques.” Constr. Build. Mater. 31 (6): 231–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.080.
Erdem, M., K. Ortaç, B. Erdem, and H. Törk. 2017. “Effect of reactive organobentonite additives to the some performance properties of rigid polyurethane foam.” J. Faculty Eng. Archit. Gazi 32 (4): 1209–1219.
Fakhar, A. M. M., and A. Asmaniza. 2015. “Road maintenance experience using polyurethane (PU) foam injection system and geocrete soil stabilization as ground rehabilitation.” In Vol. 136 of Proc., IOP Conf. Series-Materials Science and Engineering, 1–10. Jawa Barat, Indonesia: Univ. Katolik Parahyangan.
Gomes, M., J. Brito de, and M. Bravo. 2014. “Mechanical performance of structural concrete with the incorporation of coarse recycled concrete and ceramic aggregates.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 26 (10): 04014076. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000973.
Guo, Z. 1997. The strength and deformation of concrete (experimental basis and constitutive relation), principle and application. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press.
Hussain, H. K., G. W. Liu, and Y. W. Yong. 2014. “Experimental study to investigate mechanical properties of new material polyurethane-cement composite (PUC).” Constr. Build. Mater. 50 (2): 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.09.035.
Hussain, H. K., L. Z. Zhang, and G. W. Liu. 2013. “An experimental study on strengthening reinforced concrete T-beams using new material poly-urethane-cement (PUC).” Constr. Build. Mater. 40 (3): 104–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.09.088.
Jang, S. J., and H. D. Yun. 2018. “Combined effects of steel fiber and coarse aggregate size on the compressive and flexural toughness of high-strength concrete.” Compos. Struct. 185: 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.11.009.
Kang, S. L., J. I. Choi, S. K. Kim, B. K. Lee, J. S. Hwang, and Y. L. Bang. 2017. “Damping and mechanical properties of composite composed of polyurethane matrix and preplaced aggregates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 145: 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.233.
Kim, J. M., J. H. Kim, J. H. Ahn, J. D. Kim, S. Park, K. H. Park, and J. M. Lee. 2018. “Synthesis of nanoparticle-enhanced polyurethane foams and evaluation of mechanical characteristics.” Compos. Part B Eng. 136: 28–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.10.025.
Kim, T. R., J. K. Shin, T. S. Goh, H. S. Kim, J. S. Lee, and C. S. Lee. 2017. “Modeling of elasto-viscoplastic behavior for polyurethane foam under various strain rates and temperatures.” Compos. Struct. 180: 686–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.08.032.
Li, H. Y., and G. Y. Shi. 2016. “A dynamic material model for rock materials under conditions of high confining pressures and high strain rates.” Int. J. Impact. Eng. 89: 38–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.11.004.
Liu, Y., J. He, and R. Yang. 2016. “The synthesis of melamine-based polyether polyol and its effects on the flame retardancy and physical-mechanical property of rigid polyurethane foam.” J. Mater. Sci. 52 (8): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0713-y.
Liu, K., H. Xie, C. Jin, S. Huang, and F. Wang. 2017. “The equivalent plasticity strain analysis of snow-melting heated pavement concrete exposed to inner elevated temperatures.” Constr. Build. Mater. 137 (1): 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.072.
Mane, J. V., S. Chandra, S. Sharma, H. Ali, V. M. Chavan, B. S. Manjunath, and R. J. Patel. 2017. “Mechanical property evaluation of polyurethane foam under quasi-static and dynamic strain rates—An experimental study.” Proc. Eng. 173: 726–731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.12.160.
Mounanga, P., W. Gbongbon, P. Poullain, and P. Turcry. 2008. “Proportioning and characterization of lightweight concrete mixtures made with rigid polyurethane foam wastes.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 30 (9): 806–814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.06.007.
Najjar, M., A. Soliman, and M. Nehdi. 2014. “Critical overview of two stage concrete: Properties and applications.” Constr. Build. Mater. 62: 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.03.021.
Ning, X., and Y. Ding. 2015. “Effect of steel fiber on the damage constitutive model of concrete under uniaxial compression.” J. Build. Mater. 18 (2): 214–220. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-9629.2015.02.006.
Park, S. B., C. S. Lee, S. W. Choi, J. H. Kim, C. S. Bang, and J. M. Lee. 2016. “Polymeric foams for cryogenic temperature application: Temperature range for non-recovery and brittle-fracture of microstructure.” Compos. Struct. 136 (C): 258–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.10.002.
Santiago-Calvo, M., V. Blasco, C. Ruiz, R. París, F. Villafañe, and M. Á. Rodríguez-Pérez. 2017. “Synthesis, characterization and physical properties of rigid polyurethane foams prepared with poly(propylene oxide) polyols containing graphene oxide.” Eur. Polym. J. 97: 230–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.10.013.
Serrano, A., A. M. Borreguero, I. Garrido, J. F. Rodríguez, and M. Carmona. 2017. “The role of microstructure on the mechanical properties of polyurethane foams containing thermoregulating microcapsules.” Polym. Test. 60: 274–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.04.011.
Su, H. L., S. J. Lee, J. G. Park, and Y. T. Choi. 2017. “An experimental study on the characteristics of polyurethane-mixed coarse aggregates by large-scale triaxial test.” Constr. Build. Mater. 145: 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.107.
Tang, L., S. Cong, L. Geng, X. Ling, and F. Gan. 2017. “The effect of freeze-thaw cycling on the mechanical properties of expansive soils.” Cold. Reg. Sci. Technol. 145: 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.10.004.
Thyagaraj, T., S. M. Rao, P. S. Suresh, and U. Salini. 2012. “Laboratory studies on stabilization of an expansive soil by lime precipitation technique.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 24 (8): 1067–1075. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000483.
Wang, W., L. Zhao, Y. Liu, and H. Ali. 2014. “Mechanical properties and stress-strain relationship in axial compression for concrete with added glazed hollow beads and construction waste.” Constr. Build. Mater. 71: 425–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.05.005.
Wei, Y., F. Wang, and Y. Zhong. 2017. “Microstructure and fatigue performance of polyurethane grout materials under compression.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (9): 04017101. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001954.
Weißenborn, O., C. Ebert, and M. Gude. 2016. “Modelling of the strain rate dependent deformation behaviour of rigid polyurethane foams.” Polym. Test. 54: 145–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.07.007.
Yan, F., and Z. Lin. 2016. “Bond behavior of GFRP bar-concrete interface: Damage evolution assessment and FE simulation implementations.” Compos. Struct. 155: 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.07.078.
Yang, X., A. M. Stuedlein, Q. Chen, H. Liu, and P. Liu. 2017. “Stress-strain-strength response and ductility of gravels improved by polyurethane foam adhesive.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 144 (2): 04017108. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001812.
You, Z., P. David, X. Yang, and H. Yin. 2017. “Preliminary laboratory evaluation of methanol foamed warm mix asphalt binders and mixtures.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (11): 06017017. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002085.
You, L., Z. You, X. Yang, D. Ge, and S. Lv. 2018. “Laboratory testing of rheological behavior of water-foamed bitumen.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 30 (8): 04018153. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002362.
Zhang, Z., K. Liu, and L. Ye. 2016. “Application of polymer grouting reinforcement technology in the treatment of slope collapse.” In Vol. 84 of Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on Environment, Materials, Chemistry and Power Electronics, 244–249. Zhengzhou, China: AER-Advances in Engineering Research.
Zhang, Q., M. Shen, and W. Zhi. 2011. “Investigation of mechanical behavior of a rock plane using rheological tests.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 23 (8): 1220–1226. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000269.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31 • Issue 3 • March 2019
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 9, 2018
Accepted: Sep 12, 2018
Published online: Jan 14, 2019
Published in print: Mar 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Jun 14, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.