Performance of Self-Consolidating Engineered Cementitious Composite under Drop-Weight Impact Loading
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 3
Abstract
This study assessed the impact resistance of self-consolidating engineered cementitious composite (SCECC) using the American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 544’s repeated drop-weight impact test and flexural impact loading test. The investigation also evaluated the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity of the tested mixtures. Fly ash (FA), which is typically used in common SCECCs, was partially replaced by slag (SL), silica fume (SF), and/or metakaolin (MK). Also, the microsilica sand (SS), which is the primary aggregate used in SCECCs, was replaced by crushed granite sand (CS) of different sizes to develop different SCECC mixtures. Standard SCECC mixture (made with only FA), vibrated engineered cementitious composite mixture, and traditional self-consolidating concrete (SCC) made with 10 mm coarse aggregate were tested for comparison. The results indicated that combining SL, SF, or MK with FA in SCECC mixtures can create composites with improved mechanical properties, adequate ductility, and enhanced impact resistance. The highest improvement in the impact resistance in both drop-weight and flexural impact loading tests was obtained when 15% to 20% MK was combined with FA. SCECC containing CS provided comparable performance with that of SCECC made with SS, indicating promising potentials for developing cost-effective composites. The impact resistance results in both drop-weight and flexural impact loading tests also indicated that SCECC mixtures exhibited significantly higher impact resistance compared with their SCC counterpart mixtures with comparable compressive strengths.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the NSERC CRD for sponsoring this work as part of a larger research project.
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 1999. Measurement of properties of fiber reinforced concrete. ACI 544.2R-89. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ASTM. 2010. Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (using simple beam with third-point loading). ASTM C78. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2011a. Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. ASTM C39/C39M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2011b. Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. ASTM C496. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2012a. Standard specification for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural Pozzolan for use in concrete. ASTM C618. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2012b. Standard specification for portland cement. ASTM C150/C150M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2013. Standard specification for chemical admixtures for concrete. ASTM C494/C494M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2014a. Standard specification for slag cement for use in concrete and mortars. ASTM C989/C989M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2014b. Standard test method for air content of freshly mixed concrete by the pressure method. ASTM C231/C231M-14. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2014c. Standard test method for static modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio of concrete in compression. ASTM C469. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2015a. Standard specification for silica fume used in cementitious mixtures. ASTM C1240. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2015b. Standard test method for slump of hydraulic-cement concrete. ASTM C143/C143M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Chen, Y., and I. M. May. 2009. “Reinforced concrete members under drop-weight impacts.” Struct. Build. 162 (1): 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2009.162.1.45.
Duan, P., Z. Shui, W. Chen, and C. Shen. 2013. “Effects of metakaolin, silica fume and slag on pore structure, interfacial transition zone and compressive strength of concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 44: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.02.075.
EFNARC (European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete). 2005. The European guidelines for self-compacting concrete specification, production and use. Norfolk, UK: European Federation for Specialist Construction Chemicals and Concrete Systems.
Jun, P., and V. Mechtcherine. 2010. “Behaviour of strain-hardening cement-based composites (SHCC) under monotonic and cyclic tensile loading. Part 1: Experimental investigations.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 32 (10): 801–809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.019.
Kavitha, O. R., V. M. Shanthi, G. Prince Arulraj, and P. Sivakumar. 2015. “Fresh, micro- and macrolevel studies of metakaolin blended self-compacting concrete.” Appl. Clay Sci. 114: 370–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2015.06.024.
Li, V. C. 1993. “From micromechanics to structural engineering: The design of cementitious composites for civil engineering applications.” J. Struct. Mech. Earthquake Eng. 10 (2): 37–48.
Li, V. C. 2003. “On engineered cementitious composites (ECC): A review of the material and its applications.” J. Adv. Concr. Technol. 1 (3): 215–230. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.1.215.
Li, V. C. 2012. “Tailoring ECC for special attributes: A review.” Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. 6 (3): 135–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-012-0018-8.
Li, V. C., and C. K. Y. Leung. 1992. “Steady state and multiple cracking of short random fiber composites.” J. Eng. Mech. 118 (11): 2246–2264. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1992)118:11(2246).
Li, V. C., S. Wang, and C. Wu. 2001. “Tensile strain-hardening behavior of polyvinyl alcohol engineered cementitious composite (PVA-ECC).” ACI Mater. J. 98 (6): 483–492.
Lok, T. S., and J. S. Pei. 1996. “Impact resistance and ductility of steel fibre reinforced concrete panels.” HKIE Trans. 3 (3): 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/1023697X.1996.10667703.
Meng, D., T. Huang, Y. X. Zhang, and C. K. Lee. 2017. “Mechanical behaviour of a polyvinyl alcohol fibre reinforced engineered cementitious composite (PVA-ECC) using local ingredients.” Constr. Build. Mater. 141: 259–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.02.158.
Muller, S., and V. Mechtcherine. 2014. “High-cycle fatigue of strain-hardening cement-based composites (SHCC).” In Proc., 3rd Int. RELIM Conf. on Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites, edited by E. Schlangen. Dordrecht, Netherlands: RILEM Publications.
Ozbay, E., O. Karahan, M. Lachemi, K. M. A. Hossain, and C. D. Atis. 2012. “Investigation of properties of engineered cementitious composites incorporating high volumes of fly ash and metakaolin.” ACI Mater. J. 109 (5): 565–571.
Qian, S. 2007. “Influence of concrete material ductility on the behavior of high stress concentration zones.” Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Michigan.
Qiu, J., and E. H. Yang. 2017. “Micromechanics-based investigation of fatigue deterioration of engineered cementitious composite (ECC).” Cem. Concr. Res. 95: 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.02.029.
Şahmaran, M., M. Lachemi, K. M. A. Hossain, R. Ranade, and V. C. Li. 2009. “Influence of aggregate type and size on ductility and mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composites.” ACI Mater. J. 106 (3): 308–316.
Suthiwarapirak, P., T. Matsumoto, and T. Kanda. 2004. “Multiple cracking and fiber bridging characteristics of engineered cementitious composites under fatigue flexure.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 16 (5): 433–443. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2004)16:5(433).
Yang, E. H., and V. C. Li. 2012. “Tailoring engineered cementitious composites for impact resistance.” Cem. Concr. Res. 42 (8): 1066–1071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.04.006.
Zhang, J., and V. C. Li. 2002. “Monotonic and fatigue performance in bending of fiber-reinforced engineered cementitious composite in overlay system.” Cem. Concr. Res. 32 (3): 415–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00695-0.
Zhang, J., M. Maalej, and S. T. Quek. 2007. “Performance of hybrid-fiber ECC blast/shelter panels subjected to drop weight impact.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 19 (10): 855–863. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:10(855).
Zhu, Y., Z. Zhang, Y. Yang, and Y. Yao. 2014. “Measurement and correlation of ductility and compressive strength for engineered cementitious composites (ECC) produced by binary and ternary systems of binder materials: Fly ash, slag, silica fume and cement.” Constr. Build. Mater. 68: 192–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.080.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31 • Issue 3 • March 2019
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 27, 2018
Accepted: Aug 28, 2018
Published online: Dec 26, 2018
Published in print: Mar 1, 2019
Discussion open until: May 26, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.