Relation between Tensile Strength and Modulus of Rupture for GFRP Reinforcing Bars
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper presents an investigation correlating tensile properties of glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars with the results obtained from flexural testing. Composite bars, in contrast to conventional steel, when used in structures exposed to aggressive environments can significantly increase the durability and lifetime. However, the use of GFRP bars in concrete structures is still limited due to the variability of mechanical properties and bar quality among different manufacturers. Rational and fast testing methods for these reinforcing bars are needed. A flexure test is relatively easy and potentially could be used to determine the tensile strength of bars, which is a primary mechanical property that must be determined. This research investigates a possible correlation between the tensile strength and the modulus of rupture of GFRP bars. A Weibull weakest link model is employed. The effect of bimodularity of GFRP material in tension and compression also is investigated.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO), Ontario Centers of Excellence (OCE), and Schoeck Canada. Materials were supplied by Schoeck Canada and Pultral.
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2004. Guide test methodology for fiber: Reinforced polymer (FRPs) for reinforcing or strengthening concrete structures. ACI 440.3R–04. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
Ambartsumyan, S. A. 1982. Elasticity theory of different modulus. Edited by W. Ruifeng and Z. Yunzhen, 11–32. Beijing: China Railway Press.
Arczewska, P., M. Polak, and A. Penlidis. 2016. “Determination of properties and quality of glass fiber reinforced polymer composite reinforcing bars.” Int. J. Mater. Eng. Technol. 15 (4): 225–261. https://doi.org/10.17654/MT015040225.
ASTM. 2003. Standard test method for compressive properties of polymer matrix composite materials with unsupported gage section by shear loading. ASTM D3410/D3410M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2014. Standard test method for flexural properties of fiber reinforced pultruded plastic rods. ASTM D4476/D4476M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Balendran, R. V., T. M. Ranat, T. Maqaood, and W. C. Tang. 2002. “Application of FRP bars as reinforcement in civil engineering structures.” Struct. Surv. 20 (2): 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1108/02630800210433837.
Beer, F. 2012. Mechanics of materials. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association). 2010. Specification for fibre: Reinforced polymers. CSA S807-10. Rexdale, ON, Canada: CSA.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association). 2012. Design and construction of building structures with fibre: Reinforced polymer. CSA S806-12. Rexdale, ON, Canada: CSA.
Erki, M. A., and S. H. Rizkalla. 1993. “Anchorages for FRP reinforcement.” Concrete Int. 15 (6): 54–59.
Griffith, A. A. 1921. “The phenomena of rupture and flow in solids.” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 221 (582–593): 163–198. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1921.0006.
Jones, R. M. 1977. “Stress-strain relations for materials with different moduli in tension and compression.” AIAA J. 15 (1): 16–23. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.7297.
Jones, R. M. 1978. “Mechanics of composite materials with different moduli in tension and compression.”. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis.
Laws, V. 1982. “The relationship between tensile and bending properties of non-linear composite materials.” J. Mater. Sci. 17 (10): 2919–2924. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00644670.
Medri, G. 1982. “A nonlinear elastic model for isotropic materials with different behavior in tension and compression.” Trans. ASME 26 (104): 26–28.
Nanni, A., C. E. Bakis, E. F. O’Neil, and T. O. Dixton. 1996. “Short-term sustained loading of FRP tendon-anchor systems.” Constr. Build. Mater. 10 (4): 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(95)00097-6.
Quinn, J. B., and G. D. Quinn. 2010. “A practical and systematic review of Weibull statistics for reporting strength of dental materials.” Dent. Mater. 26 (2): 135–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2009.09.006.
Tripathi, V. K. 2003. “Standardization of test methods for property evaluation of FRP bars.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, West Virginia Univ.
Weil, N. A., and I. M. Daniel. 1964. “Analysis of fracture probability in nonuniformly stressed brittle materials.” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 47 (6): 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1964.tb14413.x.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 3, 2017
Accepted: Jul 19, 2018
Published online: Nov 16, 2018
Published in print: Feb 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Apr 16, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.