Particle Size Effect of Volcanic Ash towards Developing Engineered Portland Cements
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 30, Issue 8
Abstract
Promoting the use of naturally available materials as a partial substitute to portland cement can be a viable solution for producing low carbon footprint and durable cements. This work assessed the chemomechanical behavior of hardened cement pastes with partial replacement of ordinary portland cement (OPC) with volcanic ash up to 50%. Volcanic ash was ground to two different mean sizes (17 and 6 μm) and then used to prepare cement–volcanic ash blends of various proportions. Mixtures were cured for 28 days; then the hardened cement paste specimens were studied for the effects of partial substitution with volcanic ash on mechanical properties, pore structure, and microstructure. The volcanic ash was engineered by decreasing the particle size, thus allowing for a greater extent of OPC replacement with volcanic ash. Strength increase was observed for specimens with up to 40% substitution of OPC with volcanic ash of a mean size of 6 μm, and this increase was attributed to the denser pore structure observed via mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) studies. Densification of specimens was attributed to the generation of secondary calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels when smaller-sized volcanic ash was used. This study provides a multiscale insight into engineering portland cement blends with partial replacement of portland cement with finer volcanic ash.
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Acknowledgments
This project was sponsored by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences. The project was conducted as part of the Kuwait–Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) signature project on sustainability of Kuwait’s built environment under the direction of Professor Oral Buyukozturk. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors would like to thank 11-BM staff Dr. Saul H. Lapidus and Lynn Ribaud. This work made use of the Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC) Shared Experimental Facilities at MIT, supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR-1419807. We thank Dr. Charlie Settens from the Center for Material Science and Engineering (CMSE) from MIT for helping with XRD analysis. We would like to thank Patrick Boisvert for assisting in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging at the CMSE laboratory in MIT. The authors are thankful to Douglas Shattuck, Vern Roberston, and Masateru Shibata from JEOL USA Inc. for helping with the BSE microscopy and EDS analysis.
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Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 30 • Issue 8 • August 2018
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©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: May 2, 2017
Accepted: Jan 23, 2018
Published online: Jun 5, 2018
Published in print: Aug 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Nov 5, 2018
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