Laboratory Performance of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Shingles, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, and Recycling Agents
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 29, Issue 3
Abstract
As the price of liquid asphalt continuously climbs, methods are being sought to decrease material costs without compromising material or pavement performance while having a positive influence on sustainability. One potential method is the use of recycled materials, such as recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) and reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP). The objective of this study was to characterize the laboratory performance of conventional asphalt mixtures and mixtures containing RAP and/or RAS, with and without recycling agents (RAs). The RAS type utilized in this study was postconsumer waste shingles. Six 12.5-mm asphalt mixtures were designed to meet certain criteria with four of the six mixtures containing no RAs and two mixtures containing RAs [Hydrogreen and soft asphalt binder (Asphalt & Wax Innovations, Pass Christian, Mississippi)]. A suite of laboratory tests was used to ascertain the mechanistic behavior of the mixtures evaluated against major distresses. Laboratory testing evaluated the high-, intermediate-, and low-temperature properties of laboratory produced mixtures using the Hamburg loaded-wheel tester, the semicircular bending test, and the thermal stress restrained specimen test in addition to the dynamic modulus test. Results indicated that the use of RAs improved the blending between aged and virgin binders, which adversely affected the intermediate- and low-temperature performance of the mixture. With the increase in availability of aged binder in the mix, the inclusion of RAP and/or RAS with and without RAs showed an improvement in rutting performance.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC). The contents of this paper do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development or the Louisiana Transportation Research Center.
References
AASHTO. (1993). “Standard test method for thermal stress restrained specimen tensile strength (TSRST).” AASHTO TP 10, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2002). “Standard practice for mixture conditioning of hot-mix asphalt (HMA).” AASHTO R 30, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2007a). “Determining the fatigue life of compacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) subjected to repeated flexural bending.” AASHTO T 321, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2007b). “Resistance of compacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) to moisture-induced damage.” AASHTO T 283, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2007c). “Standard specification for superpave volumetric mix design.” AASHTO M 323, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2008). “Standard method of test for hamburg wheel track testing of compacted hot mix asphalt (HMA).” AASHTO T 324, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2009). “Standard practice for superpave volumetric design for hot mix asphalt (HMA).” AASHTO R 35, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2010). “Standard method of test for determining the asphalt binder content of hot mix asphalt (HMA) by the ignition method.” AASHTO T 308, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2011). “Standard method of test for determining dynamic modulus of hot-mix asphalt concrete mixtures.” AASHTO T 342, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2014). “Standard method of test for quantitative extraction of asphalt binder from hot mix asphalt HMA–Method A.” AASHTO T 164, Washington, DC.
Ashraf, M., Hussain, M., Ahmad, M., Al-Qurainy, F., and Hameed, M. (2012). “Strategies for conservation of endangered ecosystems.” Pak. J. Bot., 44(S12), 1–6.
Cascione, A. A., et al. (2011). “Laboratory evaluation of field produced hot mix asphalt containing post-consumer recycled asphalt shingles and fractionated recycled asphalt pavement.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 80, 438–472.
Cooper, S. B., Jr, Negulescu, I., Balamurugan, S. S., Mohammad, L., and Daly, W. H. (2015). “Binder composition and intermediate temperature cracking performance of asphalt mixtures containing recycled asphalt shingles.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 84, 579–605.
Daniel, J. S. (2013). “AAPT symposium: Recycling with RAP, RAS, and secondary aggregates.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 82, 661–682.
Elseifi, M. A., Mohammad, L. N., Ying, H., and Cooper, S. (2012). “Modeling and evaluation of the semicircular bending test for intermediate temperature cracking of asphalt mixtures.” Road Mater. Pavement Des., 13(S1), 124–139.
Johnson, E., Johnson, G., Dai, S., Linell, D., McGraw, J., and Watson, M. (2010). “Incorporation of recycled asphalt shingles in hot mixed asphalt pavement mixtures.”, Minnesota Dept. of Transportation Office of Policy Analysis, Maplewood, MN.
LADOTD (Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development). (2006). “Louisiana standard specifications for roads and bridges.” Baton Rouge, LA.
LADOTD (Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development). (2015). “Standard method of test for evaluation of asphalt mixture fracture resistance using the semicircular bend (SCB) test at intermediate temperature.” LDOTD TR 330, Baton Rouge, LA.
Maupin, G. W., Jr. (2008). “Use of manufactured waste shingles in a hot-mix asphalt field project.”, Virginia Transportation Research Council, Charlottesville, VA.
McGraw, J., Zofka, A., Krivit, D., Schroer, J., Olson, R., and Marasteanu, M. (2007). “Recycled asphalt shingles in hot mix asphalt.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 76, 235–274.
Northeast Recycling Council. (2011). “Asphalt shingles waste management in the Northeast fact sheet.” ⟨http://www.nerc.org/documents/asphalt.pdf⟩ (Feb. 1, 2011).
SAS version 9.4 [Computer software]. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
Scholz, T. V. (2010). “Preliminary investigation of RAP and RAS in HMAC.”, Oregon Dept. of Transportation Research Section, Salem, OR.
Zhou, F. S., Morton, D., Lee, R., Hu, S., and Scullion, T. (2015). “Rejuvenator characterization, blend characteristics, and proposed mix design method.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 84, 281–306.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 29 • Issue 3 • March 2017
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 7, 2016
Accepted: Apr 1, 2016
Published online: Jun 30, 2016
Discussion open until: Nov 30, 2016
Published in print: Mar 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.