Key Fresh Properties of Self-Consolidating High-Strength POFA Concrete
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 26, Issue 1
Abstract
Self-consolidating high-strength concretes, including palm oil fuel ash (POFA), were produced based on the water/binder (W/B) ratios of 0.25–0.40. POFA was used in the concrete mixtures by replacing 0–30% of normal Portland cement by weight. The freshly mixed concrete mixtures were tested to determine the key fresh properties such as filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. Filling ability was measured with respect to slump flow, slump flow time, inverted slump cone flow spread and time, and V-funnel flow time. Passing ability was determined from J-ring flow and L-box flow tests. In addition, sieve and column segregation tests were carried out to quantify segregation resistance. The concrete mixtures were also tested for compressive strength. The experimental results showed that W/B ratio and POFA content had significant effects on the filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance of concrete. The filling ability and passing ability of concrete increased with a lower W/B ratio and a higher POFA content. Moreover, the use of POFA greatly influenced the segregation resistance of concrete. The optimum POFA content for filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance was 20%, which also produced the maximum compressive strength in concrete.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors thankfully acknowledge the financial support from the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (research grant: UMRG050-09AET) and the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysia (research grant: 13-02-03-3092). The authors also wish to thank Jugra Palm Oil Mill Sdn. Bhd., Banting, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, for supplying palm oil fuel ash for this research.
References
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2008). “Guide for selecting proportions for high-strength concrete using Portland cement and other cementitious materials.”, Detroit.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2010). “Report on high-strength concrete.”, Detroit.
ASTM. (2008). “Standard specification for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete.” C618-08a, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2009a). “Standard test method for fineness of hydraulic cement by the 45-μm (No. 325) sieve.” C430-08, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2009b). “Standard test method for slump flow of self-consolidating concrete.” C1611/C1611M-09b, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2010a). “Standard test method for density of hydraulic cement.” C188-09, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2010b). “Standard test method for advanced ceramic specific surface area by physical adsorption.” C1274-10, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2011a). “Standard test methods for fineness of hydraulic cement by air-permeability apparatus.” C204-11, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2011b). “Standard specification for concrete aggregates.” C33/C33M-11a, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2011c). “Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.” C39/C39M-11a, West Conshohocken, PA.
Bailey, J. D. (2005). “An evaluation of the use of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) for drilled shaft applications.” M.Sc. thesis, the Graduate Faculty, Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL.
Bonen, D., and Shah, S. P. (2005). “Fresh and hardened properties of self-consolidating concrete.” Prog. Struct. Mater. Eng., 7(1), 14–26.
Brameshuber, W., and Uebachs, S. (2001). “Practical experience with the application of self-compacting concrete in Germany.” Proc., 2nd Int. Symp. on Self-Compacting Concrete, K. Ozawa and M. Ouchi, eds., COMS Engineering Corporation, Tokyo, Japan, 687–695.
Canadian Standards Association (CAN/CSA). (2008). “Cementitious materials for use in concrete.”, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Cyr, M., and Mouret, M. (2003). “Rheological characterization of superplasticized cement pastes containing mineral admixtures: Consequences on self-compacting concrete design.” Proc., 7th CANMET/ACI Int. Conf. on Superplasticizers and other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete, ACI SP-217, American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit, 241–256.
El Chabib, H., and Syed, A. (2012). “Properties of self-consolidating concrete made with high volumes of supplementary cementitious materials.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng.,.
European Federation of National Associations Representing Concrete (EFNARC). (2002). Specifications and guidelines for self-consolidating concrete, Surrey, UK, 1–32.
Güneyisi, E., Gesoglu, M., and Özbay, E. (2011). “Permeation properties of self-consolidating concretes with mineral admixtures.” ACI Mater. J., 108(2), 150–158.
Hassan, A. A. A., Lachemi, M., and Hossain, K. M. A. (2012). “Effect of metakaolin and silica fume on rheology of self-consolidating concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 109(6), 657–664.
Hossain, K. M. A., and Lachemi, M. (2010). “Fresh, mechanical, and durability characteristics of self-consolidating concrete incorporating volcanic ash.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 22(7), 651–657.
Hussin, M. W., and Abdullah, K. (2009). “Properties of palm oil fuel ash cement based aerated concrete panel subjected to different curing regimes.” Malaysian J. Civ. Eng., 21(1), 17–31.
ISO. (2009). “Particle size analysis by laser diffraction: Standard operating procedures, and Mie theory.” ISO 13320, Geneva, Switzerland.
Khair, N. M. (2010). “Study on compressive strength of high strength POFA concrete.” B.S. thesis, Dept. of Structure and Materials, Univ. Teknology Malaysia, Skudai, Johr Bahru, Malaysia.
Khayat, K. H. (1999). “Workability, testing, and performance of self-consolidating concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 96(3), 346–353.
Khayat, K. H. (2000). “Optimization and performance of air-entrained, self-consolidating concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 97(5), 526–535.
Kim, H., Park, Y.-D., Noh, J., Song, Y., Han, C., and Kang, S. (1997). “Rheological properties of self-compacting high-performance concrete.” Proc., 3rd CANMET/ACI Int. Conf., V. M. Malhotra, ed., American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit, 653–668.
Lachemi, M., Hossain, K. M. A., Lambros, V., and Bouzoubaâ, N. (2003). “Development of cost-effective self-consolidating concrete incorporating fly ash, slag cement, or viscosity-modifying admixtures.” ACI Mater. J., 100(5), 419–425.
Neville, A. M. (1996). Properties of concrete, 4th Ed., Wiley, New York.
Neville, A. M., and Brooks, J. J. (1999). Concrete technology, Addison-Wesley Longman, Chicago.
Okamura, H., and Ozawa, K. (1995). “Mix design for self-compacting concrete.” Concr. Lib. JSCE, 25, 107–120.
Parez, N., Romero, H., Hermida, G., and Cuellar, G. (2002). “Self-compacting concrete, on the search and finding of an optimized design.” Proc. 1st North American Conf. on the Design and Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete, J. A. Daczko, J. N. Lingscheit, and S. P. Shah, eds., Hanley-Wood, Elgin, IL, 101–107.
Ramezanianpour, A. A., Kazemian, A., Sarvari, M., and Ahmadi, B. (2012). “Use of natural zeolite to produce self-consolidating concrete with low Portland cement content and high durability.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 589–596.
Rols, S., Ambroise, J., and Pera, J. (1997). “Development of an admixture for self-levelling concrete.” Proc., 5th CANMET/ACI Int. Conf. on Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures, V. M. Malhotra, ed., American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit, 493–510.
Saak, A. W., Jennings, H. M., and Shah, S. P. (2001). “New methodology for designing self-compacting concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 98(6), 429–439.
Safiuddin, M. (2008). “Development of self-consolidating high performance concrete incorporating rice husk ash.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Safiuddin, M., Isa, H. M. M., and Jumaat, M. Z. (2011a). “Fresh properties of self-consolidating concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash as a supplementary cementing material.” Chiang Mai J. Sci., 38(3), 389–404.
Safiuddin, M., Salam, M. A., and Jumaat, M. Z. (2011b). “Utilization of palm oil fuel ash in concrete: A review.” J. Civ. Eng. Manag., 17(2), 234–247.
Safiuddin, M., Salam, M. A., and Jumaat, M. Z. (2011c). “Effects of recycled concrete aggregate on the fresh properties of self-consolidating concrete.” Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng., 11(4), 1023–1041.
Safiuddin, M., West, J. S., and Soudki, K. A. (2009). Self-Consolidating high performance concrete with rice husk ash: Components, properties, and mixture design, 1st Ed., VDM Publishing House, Saabruecken, Germany.
Safiuddin, M., West, J. S., and Soudki, K. A. (2010). “Flowing ability of self-consolidating concrete and its binder paste and mortar components incorporating rice husk ash.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 37(3), 401–412.
Safiuddin, M., West, J. S., and Soudki, K. A. (2011d). “Flowing ability of the mortars formulated from self-compacting concretes incorporating rice husk ash.” Constr. Build. Mater., 25(2), 973–978.
Safiuddin, M., West, J. S., and Soudki, K. A. (2012). “Properties of freshly mixed self-consolidating concretes incorporating rice husk ash as a supplementary cementing material.” Constr. Build. Mater., 30, 833–842.
Sata, V., Jaturapitakkul, C., and Kiattikomol, K. (2004). “Utilization of palm oil fuel ash in high-strength concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 623–628.
Sata, V., Jaturapitakkul, C., and Rattanashotinunt, C. (2010). “Compressive strength and heat evolution of concretes containing palm oil fuel ash.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 1033–1038.
Self-Compacting Concrete European Project Group (SCCEPG). (2005). The European guidelines for self-compacting concrete: Specification, production and use, West Midlands, UK.
Sonebi, M., Grunewald, S., and Walraven, J. (2007). “Filling ability and passing ability of self-consolidating concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 104(2), 162–170.
Sumadi, S. R., and Hussin, M. W. (1995). “Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as a future partial cement replacement material in housing construction.” J. Ferrocem., 25(1), 25–34.
Tam, V. W. Y., and Tam, C. M. (2007). “Assessment of durability of recycled aggregate concrete produced by two-stage mixing approach.” J. Mater. Sci., 42(10), 3592–3602.
Tonnayopas, D., Nilrat, F., Putto, K., and Tantiwitayawanich, J. (2006). “Effect of oil palm fiber fuel ash on compressive strength of hardening concrete.” Proc., 4th Thailand Materials Science and Engineering, Pathumthani, Thailand, 1–3.
Yen, T., Tang, C.-W., Chang, C.-S., and Chen, K.-H. (1999). “Flow behaviour of high strength high-performance concrete.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 21(5–6), 413–424.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 26 • Issue 1 • January 2014
Pages: 134 - 142
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 29, 2012
Accepted: Jan 14, 2013
Published online: Jan 16, 2013
Discussion open until: Jun 16, 2013
Published in print: Jan 1, 2014
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.