Short- and Longer-Term Consolidation Effects of Portlandite Nanoparticles in Carbonate Stones
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 25, Issue 11
Abstract
The consolidation effects of portlandite nanoparticles have been determined in carbonate stones (dolostone), typically used in historical buildings from Madrid, Spain, just after 20 days consolidation at 20°C under a dry [33% relative humidity (RH)] and a humid environment (75% RH) and after 18 months under room temperature and humidity conditions ( and RH). The improvement of the physical and hydric properties, from short to longer term, of this dolostone is shown through the combination of nondestructive techniques (environmental scanning electron microscopy, spectrophotometry, water absorption under vacuum and capillarity, ultrasonic velocity, and optical surface roughness analyses) together with destructive techniques (mercury intrusion porosimetry and microdriling resistance measurement) also necessary for a better accuracy determination of pore structure and resistance modifications. Consolidation process under both humid and dry environment gives rise to an improvement of the petrophysical properties of dolostone specimens. However, a humid environment and a higher and larger porosity of the stone favor the consolidation with time, being these conditions are necessary to take into account when nanoparticles are used to consolidate carbonate stones.
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Acknowledgments
This study was funded by GEOMATERIALES (S2009/MAT-1629) and CONSOLIDERTCP (CSD2007-0058). Thanks to the JAE CSIC Programme and to the UCM Research Group “Alteración y Conservación de los Materiales Pétreos del Patrimonio” (ref. 921349). This work has been carried out in the Campus of International Excellence (CEI-Moncloa). The authors are grateful to Laura Tormo and Marta Furió of the Natural Science Museum (CSIC) for providing the ESEM-EDS photographs and analyses. Special thanks go to the petrophysics laboratory technicians (IGEO), to Emilio Matesanz from XRD CAI (UCM) for his help with the XRD analyses and to M.E. Fernández-Valle from the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Pluridisciplinar UCM Institute) for the MRI analyses. We also appreciate the help of three anonymous referees for the reviewing process that also has improved the present research.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 25 • Issue 11 • November 2013
Pages: 1655 - 1665
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 20, 2012
Accepted: Nov 21, 2012
Published online: Nov 22, 2012
Discussion open until: Apr 22, 2013
Published in print: Nov 1, 2013
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