Reconsideration of European Empirical and Fundamental Specifications for Asphalt Mixtures
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 25, Issue 8
Abstract
The research considered here harmonized specifications for asphalt concrete and stone mastic asphalt of 21 central, northern, and southern European countries which adopted the wheel tracking test using a small device in air. An objective of the research was to reconsider these requirements by identifying a potential relationship with climatic conditions and traffic load. The empirical requirements predominantly included the proportional rut depth and, to a lesser extent, the wheel tracing slope. The southern European countries mostly did not adopt these requirements. On the other hand, the fundamental, performance-based, requirements considered stiffness, creep rate, and resistance to fatigue, but with a greater variety in terms of the test methods and conditions. There was a certain relationship between the requirements and the air temperature conditions as well as the traffic load identified. Furthermore, the strictness of the requirements regarding the resistance to permanent deformation decreases from south to north. However, conclusions regarding the fundamental requirements can be drawn only when more countries have adopted these specifications. Besides the need to adopt the performance-related requirements by the remaining countries considered, the test methods and conditions of the performance-based requirements need further harmonization to take a step toward the removal of technical barriers in the field of pavement construction across Europe.
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Acknowledgments
The author would like to express his gratitude to the colleagues from universities, research institutes, companies, and professional associations from all around Europe for providing precious assistance in his research.
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© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jan 18, 2012
Accepted: Jul 25, 2012
Published online: Oct 31, 2012
Discussion open until: Mar 31, 2013
Published in print: Aug 1, 2013
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