Effect of Temperature on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Steel Bolts
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24, Issue 6
Abstract
When steel-framed structures are exposed to fire, connections play a crucial role in transferring forces from highly stressed members to less stressed members. The performance of bolted connections, under ambient and fire conditions, depends on the strength characteristics of bolts. At present, the fire resistance of bolts is evaluated by assuming the high-temperature properties to be same as those of conventional mild steel. This is due to lack of data on high-temperature properties specific to high-strength steel bolts. To overcome this drawback, high-temperature thermal and mechanical properties of Grade A325 and A490 high-strength steel bolts are evaluated. Thermal conductivity and specific heat of A325 and A490 were measured in the temperature range 20–735°C, whereas thermal expansion was measured in the range 20–1000°C in both the heating and cooling phases of fire. Steady-state single shear and tension tests were carried out on A325 and A490 bolts at 20–800°C. Results from these tests were used to generate thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal expansion, shear, and tensile strength relationships as a function of temperature for A325 and A490 bolts. Test data indicate that strength properties of A325 and A490 steel degrade faster than those of conventional steel and also that A490 steel exhibits slightly higher strength and stiffness properties than A325 steel at 20–800°C.
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Acknowledgments
The research presented in this paper is supported by the National Science Foundation CMMI Program through No. CMMI 0601178 and by Michigan State University through Strategic Partnership Grant No. 71-4434. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors.
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Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24 • Issue 6 • June 2012
Pages: 765 - 774
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 26, 2011
Accepted: Dec 8, 2011
Published online: Dec 10, 2011
Published in print: Jun 1, 2012
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