Flow Analysis, Transportation, and Deposition of Frictional Viscoplastic Slurries and Pastes in Civil and Mining Engineering
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24, Issue 6
Abstract
Backfilling and injection of granular materials into mining induced voids, separated beddings, and cracks, as either diluted slurry or concrete paste, is widely used to control coal mine subsidence. As a viable environmental solution, mine waste and rejected materials from underground coal seams are used in both backfilling and injection mine operations. During longwall mining, the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the fractured rock mass through a pipeline connected to a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the interburden rock strata above the coal seam. Either as dilute slurry or thick paste or cake, the fill material normally needs to travel a significant distance in a long pipeline. A blockage can occur in the pipeline when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold value, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In a previous study of radial flow through disks, complete analytical solutions of the required pump pressure versus fluid volume rate were presented for such slurries, categorized as frictional Bingham-Herschel-Bulkley fluids. This paper is an extension to the theory of fluid mechanics to this type of flow in uniform circular pipes. General analytical solutions were developed for complex fluids in velocity and pressure gradients and velocity and pressure as a function of pipe length, from which special and familiar equations for simpler fluids are derivable by mathematical reduction of the general equations. This study differs from the previous research in consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behavior, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behavior of the depositing and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was conducted within the Subsidence Control Research Program of CSIRO, supported by ACARP of Australia and BHP Billiton. Constructive review comments from Dr. Frank Stacey of CSIRO and the Journal review panel are greatly appreciated.
References
Abulnaga, B. E. (2002). Slurry systems handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Alehossein, H., and Hood, M. (1999). “An application of linearized dimensional analysis to rock cutting.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr.IRMGBG, 36(5), 701–709.
Alehossein, H. (2009a). “A triangular model of caving subsidence.” Appl. Earth Sci.: IMM Trans. BTIAEA7, 118(1), 1–4.
Alehossein, H. (2009b). “Viscous, cohesive, Non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow.” Int. J. Miner. Process.IJMPBL, 93(1), 11–19.
Alehossein, H., Poulsen, B. A. (2010). “Stress analysis of longwall top coal caving.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr.IRMGBG, 47(1), 30–41.
Attia, H. A. (2003). “Unsteady flow of a dusty conducting Non-Newtonian fluid through a pipe.” Can. J. Phys.CJPHAD, 81(5), 789–795.
Byron-Bird, R., Dai, G. C., and Yarusso, B. J. (1983). “Rheology and flow of viscoplastic materials.” Rev. Chem. Eng.RCEGD6, 1(1), 1–70.
Craig, R. F. (1997). “Soil mechanics.” SPON, Routledge, New York.
Fox, R. W., Pritchard, P. J., and McDonald, A. T. (2009). Introduction to fluid mechanics, Don Fowley (Wiley), New York.
Funehag, J., and Gustafson, G. (2008). “Design of grouting with silica sol in hard rock. New methods for calculation of penetration length, Part I.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol., 23(1), 1–8.
Gadiraju, M., Peddieson, J. Jr., Munukutla, S. S. (1992). “Exact solutions for two phase vertical pipe flow.” Mech. Res. Commun.MRCOD2, 19(1), 7–13.
Govier, G. W., Aziz, K. (1972). The flow of complex mixtures in pipes, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Middleman, S. (1977). Fundamentals of polymer processing, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Na, T. Y., and Hansen, A. G. (1967). “Radial flow of viscous Non-Newtonian Fluids between disks.” Int. J. Nonlinear Mech., 2(3), 261–273.
Schlichting, H. (1979). Boundary layer theory, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Shen, B., and Alehossein, H. (2009). “Subsidence control using coal washery waste.” ACARP Project C16023, Australia-An extension research project to ACARP C12019 (2003) on Subsidence control using overburden grout injection technology, Australian Coal Association Research Program, Queensland, Australia.
Thomas, D. G. (1965). “Transport characteristics of suspension. VIII. A note on the viscosity of Newtonian suspensions of uniform spherical particles.” J. Colloid Sci.JCSCA7, 20(3), 267–277.
Turian, R. M., et al. (2002). “Properties and rheology of coal-water mixtures using different coals.” FuelFUELAC, 81(16), 2019–2033.
Wasp, E. J., Kenny, J. P., and Ghandi, R. L. (1977). “Solid-liquid flow.” Slurry pipeline transportation, Trans Tech Publications, Aedernmannsdrof, Switzerland.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24 • Issue 6 • June 2012
Pages: 644 - 657
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 11, 2011
Accepted: Dec 8, 2011
Published online: Dec 27, 2011
Published in print: Jun 1, 2012
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.