Local Energy Losses for Wave-Type Flows at Abrupt Bottom Changes
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VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 9
Abstract
Low-head hydraulic structures, like weirs or barrages, are constructed on rivers for irrigation or power-generation purposes. As the upstream water level rises due to these structures, it is necessary to build an energy-dissipation structure such as a stilling basin downstream of the low-head hydraulic structures. The control of hydraulic jumps using abrupt bottom elevation changes at stilling basins may cause wave-type flows. In this study, wave-type flows at abrupt bottom rises and drops were investigated experimentally. For practical reasons, it is important to predict the local energy losses encountered at bottom changes for wave-type flows. Empirical equations for local energy losses and loss coefficients were obtained by evaluating the experimental results for various values of rise or drop heights, discharges, and tailwater depths. The local energy loss in wave-type flows was compared to that of a simple hydraulic jump. It is shown that for some cases local energy losses may become larger than the local energy loss in a simple hydraulic jump. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict the force on a step in the case of wave formation. In this study, a drag coefficient was obtained experimentally to compute the force acting on the step. The variation of this drag coefficient with relative step height is presented.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request (experimental measurements).
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Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 146 • Issue 9 • September 2020
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 25, 2019
Accepted: May 1, 2020
Published online: Jul 6, 2020
Published in print: Sep 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Dec 6, 2020
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