Flow through Partially Submerged Orifice
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 8
Abstract
Vertically mounted circular orifices have been extensively used for flow measurements. The operation of a side orifice is not always under a high headwater above the crown of the orifice, as a result, the prediction of partially submerged flow is characterized as a mixing flow between weir and orifice flows. The general equations of weir and orifice need to be tailored to predict partially submerged orifice flows. The purpose of this study is to derive a new method for calculating the discharge flow rate through partially submerged circular orifice. The method applies a weighting factor to construct a reliable rating curve for the transitional flow from a weir flow when the flow depth is shallow to an orifice flow when the flow depth becomes deep. The proposed method is further normalized in form of the Froude Number using the diameter of the orifice as the characteristic length and gravitational acceleration as the characteristic time. For engineering practices, the best-fitted orifice discharge coefficient was determined to be 0.53 using the least squared error method.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Balachandar, R., Silvana, S., and Ramamurthy, A. S. (1991). “A note on circular sharp-crested weirs.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 18(5), 881–885.
Bos, M. G. (1989). Discharge measurement structures, 3rd Ed., Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Brandes, D., and Barlow, W. T. (2012). “New method for modeling thin-walled orifice flow under partially submerged conditions.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 924–928.
Greve, F. V. (1932). “Flow of water through circular, parabolic, and vertical notch weirs.”, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, 37–60.
Greve, F. W. (1924). “Semi-circular weirs calibrated at Purdue University.” Eng. News-Rec., 93(5), 182–183.
Guo, J. C. Y, and Urbonas, B. (1996). “Maximized detention volume determined by runoff capture rate.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 33–39.
Guo, J. C. Y. (2006). “Decay-based clogging factor for curb inlet design.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 132(11), 1237–1241.
Guo, J. C. Y. (2009). “Retrofitting detention basin for LID design with a water quality control pool.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 135(6), 1237–1241.
Guo, J. C. Y. (2015). “Culvert hydraulics.” Urban hydrology and hydraulics design, 2nd Ed., Water Resources Publication, Littleton, CO.
Guo, J. C. Y., McKenzie, K, and Mommandi, A. (2009). “Sump inlet hydraulics.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 1000–1004.
HDS 5. (1985). “Hydraulic design of highway culverts.”, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC.
UDCFD (Urban Drainage and Flood Control District). (2010). “Urban strom water drainage manual.” Denver.
Vatankhah, A. R. (2010). “Flow measurement using circular sharp-crested weirs.” Flow Meas. Instrum., 21(2), 118–122.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 1, 2015
Accepted: Jan 12, 2017
Published online: Mar 24, 2017
Published in print: Aug 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Aug 24, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.