Crop Coefficient Curve for Paddy Rice from Residual Energy Balance Calculations
Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 2
Abstract
The crop coefficient () values of rice paddy are important for estimating accurate rice crop evapotranspiration (), water transfers planning, efficient irrigation management, and hydrological studies. In this study, was measured and a generalized curve was calculated for paddy rice in the Sacramento Valley, California. Field experiments were conducted in three rice paddy fields during the 2011–2013 growing seasons. Surface renewal analysis, after calibration using eddy covariance method, was applied to obtain sensible heat flux values from high-frequency temperature readings; latent heat flux densities were characterized by the residual of the energy balance method. The results revealed that there is considerable variability in rice water use both spatially and temporally. The average 3-year measured seasonal of the experimental fields ranged from 690 to 762 mm in Butte County and from 681 to 813 mm in the Colusa County. A mean daily seasonal of and midseason of was observed. The rice values were lower than those commonly used to estimate rice during the midseason and were greater than expected during early growth before canopy closure. For a typical growing season of 145 days, the values were estimated as 1.10, 1.00, and 0.80 for the initial-growth, midseason, and late-season stages, respectively. The generalized curve is quite accurate for practical application and enables growers to determine rice crop water use in a reliable, usable, and affordable format. The proposed information can be used to refine the estimates of rice consumptive water use in the Sacramento Valley for the purpose of water transfers to water-short areas of the State. These values are likely applicable to other locations having similar climate to the Sacramento Valley in California.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the California Department of Water Resources for supporting the “Refinement of Rice Water Use” project, Agreement No. 460008548A12TOUC101. The authors especially thank Tom Filler and Al Vargas from the Water Transfer Office and Morteza Orang and Tom Hawkins from the Water Planning Office for their valuable input and feedback during the project.
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Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 2 • February 2017
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 23, 2015
Accepted: Jul 21, 2016
Published online: Sep 23, 2016
Published in print: Feb 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Feb 23, 2017
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