Orthophosphate Adsorption Equilibrium and Breakthrough on Filtration Media for Storm-Water Runoff Treatment
Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 4
Abstract
Total phosphorus (TP) in storm-water runoff is a common regulatory target for maintaining the quality of receiving surface water. Previous storm-water treatment studies show that it is difficult to consistently achieve TP removal higher than 40%, whereas regulatory goals of 50–65% removal are becoming common. To meet these goals, storm-water filtration technologies utilizing an expanding array of filtration media are being deployed, especially in areas with protected water bodies such as Puget Sound and Chesapeake Bay. One challenge is that if the media has no adsorption capacity, particulate phosphorus can redissolve into solution and form liberal orthophosphate (Ortho-P), resulting in lower overall TP removal. Therefore, effective Ortho-P adsorption capacity in filtration media is crucial to meet more stringent TP removal goals. Additional media characteristics that should be considered include gradation, permeability, surface area, morphology, cost, and toxicity. In response to these requirements, an engineered media (EM) was developed and evaluated by Ortho-P adsorption isotherms and breakthrough in typical storm-water runoff conditions. Three other media, perlite, zeolite, and granular activated carbon (GAC), widely used in storm-water treatment, were also investigated under the same experimental conditions. With adsorption isotherms, EM showed the highest adsorption capacity of , nearly seven times that of GAC ( ). In adsorption breakthrough testing, overall removal efficiency decreases as the number of treated empty bed volumes (EBVs) increases. To reach 50% overall removal, EM provided 838 EBVs, whereas GAC could only treat 12 EBVs. In addition, for the lifetime of media, EM outlasted GAC with 2,297 EBVs, compared to 1,000 EBVs, respectively. Results indicate that EM is an adsorptive filtration media for treating storm-water phosphorus.
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Acknowledgments
Financial contributions were partially provided by Maine Technology Institute UNSPECIFIEDSeed Grants #3566 and #3944. We are grateful to anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments to improve this article.
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Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 137 • Issue 4 • April 2011
Pages: 244 - 250
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 31, 2009
Accepted: Aug 31, 2010
Published online: Sep 3, 2010
Published in print: Apr 1, 2011
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