Role of Biokinetic Parameters in the Methane Emission Characteristics of MBT Waste
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26, Issue 4
Abstract
Biokinetic parameters have been extensively used to decide on the treatment methodology of a waste. Although literature reports studies on biokinetic parameters in wastewater treatments, their significance in the anaerobic treatment of municipal solid waste is not well explored. Furthermore, to the best of authors’ knowledge, the applicability of biokinetic parameters in estimating the gas emission characteristics of a waste have not been reported anywhere. TOUGH2 Landfill Bioreactor Model (T2LBM), a module for the TOUGH2 simulator that provides simulation capabilities for the process of biodegradation of waste governed by a modified form of Monod’s growth model, is used to investigate the same. As an initial step, numerical modeling with T2LBM is carried out to validate the gas emission characteristics of an anaerobic bioreactor that degrades a mechanically and biologically treated (MBT) waste. A good match for the gas yield and waste settlement proves the model’s capability to simulate the process of biodegradation. A parametric study of the biokinetic parameters (namely the yield coefficient, saturation constant, growth rate, and death rate of microbes) helped establish the relation of these parameters with the methane emission characteristics through Monod’s kinetics. The relation of these parameters with the methane yield is also substantiated using time-dependent variation of substrate utilization. The values of the biokinetic parameters of the MBT waste indicate the suitability of anaerobic digestion to degrade MBT waste.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India for supporting the project “Development of methodologies for Rehabilitation of Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsites” under Impacting Research Innovation and Technology (IMPRINT) (Grant No. IMP/2019/000442/SH, 2019). The financial support by the Ministry of Human Resources Development, India, is acknowledged and greatly appreciated.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- B
- microbial concentration (kg microbes (kg aqueous phase)−1);
- BN
- anaerobic biomass concentration (kg microbes (kg aqueous phase)−1);
- cr
- compaction ratio;
- CR
- matrix heat capacity (J kg−10C−1);
- d
- molecular diffusivity (m2 s−1);
- F
- Darcy flux vector (kg m2 s−1);
- coefficient of T-dependent growth;
- g
- acceleration of gravity vector (m s−2);
- KH
- Henry’s law coefficient (Pa−1);
- KS,B
- saturation constant (kg substrate (kg aqueous phase)−1);
- k
- intrinsic permeability (m2);
- kd
- endogenous decay coefficient (s−1);
- M
- mass accumulation term (kg m−3);
- NK
- number of mass components;
- NPH
- maximum number of phases present;
- n
- inward unit normal vector;
- P
- pressure (Pa);
- PC
- capillary pressure (Pa);
- q
- component source term (kg m−3 s−1);
- r
- radial coordinate (m);
- Sβ
- phase saturation;
- S
- substrate (acetic acid) concentration [kg substrate (kg aqueous phase)−1]
- T
- temperature (°C);
- t
- time (s, days);
- U
- maximum rate of utilization of the waste (s−1);
- V
- volume (m3);
- X
- mass fraction;
- XAC
- acetic acid mass fraction;
- Y
- yield coefficient (kg microbes (kg substrate)−1); and
- zc
- compaction factor.
Greek Symbols
- δ
- microbial death rate (s−1);
- ΔHB
- enthalpy of biodegradation reaction (J kg−1);
- Γ
- surface area (m2);
- γ
- van Genuchten parameter;
- λ
- thermal conductivity (J m−1 K−1 s−1);
- μ
- dynamic viscosity (kg m−1 s−1);
- μB
- microbial growth rate (s−1);
- μmax,B
- maximum microbial growth rate (s−1);
- φ
- porosity;
- θ
- moisture content;
- ρ
- density (kg m−3); and
- τ
- tortuosity.
Subscripts and Superscripts
- aq
- aqueous;
- B
- biomass, microbes;
- crit
- critical;
- g
- gas;
- l
- liquid;
- ls
- liquid satiated; and
- max
- maximum.
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Published In
Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26 • Issue 4 • October 2022
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 29, 2021
Accepted: May 22, 2022
Published online: Jul 27, 2022
Published in print: Oct 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Dec 27, 2022
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