Use of Gray Relational Analysis to Manage and Optimize Full-Scale Industrial Furnace Operation
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 22, Issue 4
Abstract
In the context of waste gas energy recovery and management, the gray relational analysis method is applied to construct the optimum parameters and management of the operation conditions for a heating furnace used in the petrochemical industry. Comparing the results of tail gas recycling, the operational parameters are adjusted and the residual oxygen concentration in flue gases, preheated air temperature, and fuel oil temperature are studied for saving energy. The results show that the efficiency of the heating furnace is improved and the fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions are reduced. In addition, gray relational analysis is used to predict the parameters to optimize the operation and best energy saving demand. The results show that the optimal operating conditions are between 3.1% and 2.9% by volume, between 226°C and 232°C, and between 127°C and 129°C for residual oxygen concentration in flue gases, preheated air temperature, and fuel oil temperature, respectively. These values agree with the conditions actually used on-site for the optimum operation of heating furnaces. Therefore, gray relational analysis is the best way to evaluate and manage the operation parameters of a reheating furnace.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Ahmad, N., S. Kamal, Z. A. Raza, T. Hussain, and F. Anwar. 2016. “Multi-response optimization in the development of oleo-hydrophobic cotton fabric using Taguchi based grey relational analysis.” Appl. Surf. Sci. 367: 370–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.01.165.
Aikat, K., N. Sarkar, S. K. Ghosh, and S. Bannerjee. 2012. “Bioethanol production from agricultural wastes: An overview.” Renewable Energy 37 (1): 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.06.045.
Bahadori, A., and H. B. Vuthaluru. 2010. “Estimation of energy conservation benefits in excess air controlled gas-fired systems.” Fuel Process. Technol. 91 (10): 1198–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2010.03.033.
Blengini, G. A., M. Busto, M. Fantoni, and D. Fino. 2012. “Eco-efficient waste glass recycling: Integrated waste management and green product development through LCA.” Waste Manage. 32 (5): 1000–1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2011.10.018.
Caputo, A. C., F. Scacchia, and P. M. Pelagagge. 2003. “Disposal of by-products in olive oil industry: Waste-to-energy solutions.” Appl. Therm. Eng. 23 (2): 197–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-4311(02)00173-4.
Chang, W. C., and H. S. Chen. 2001. “Studies on the method to quantify grey relation.” In Proc., Symp. on Application and Theory of Grey System, 106–113. Yun-Lin, Taiwan: Chinese Grey System Association.
Choudhuria, A. R., and S. R. Gollahalli. 2003. “Characteristics of hydrogen-hydrocarbon composite fuel turbulent jet flames.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 28 (4): 445–454.
Du, J. C., and M. F. Kuo. 2011. “Grey relational-regression analysis for hot mix asphalt design.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (5): 2627–2634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.12.011.
Holmgren, K., and D. Henning. 2004. “Comparison between material and energy recovery of municipal waste from an energy perspective: A study of two Swedish municipalities.” Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 43 (1): 51–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.05.001.
Hsieh, S. C., and C. J. G. Jou. 2009. “Using hydrogen-rich multi-fuel to improve energy efficiency and reduce emission for high-energy furnace.” Environ. Prog. Sustainable 28 (1): 83–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.10347.
Ilbas, M., İ. Yılmaz, and Y. Kaplan. 2005. “Investigations of hydrogen and hydrogen–hydrocarbon composite fuel combustion and emission characteristics in a model combustor.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 30 (10): 1139–1147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.10.016.
Ismail, S., and P. S. Mehta. 2011. “Evaluation of the effects of fuel and combustion-related processes on exergetic efficiency.” Fuel 90 (5): 1818–1825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.11.017.
Jou, C. J. G., C. L. Lee, C. H. Tsai, and H. P. Wang. 2008. “Reduction of energy cost and emission for the boilers in a full-scale refinery plant by adding waste hydrogen-rich fuel gas.” Energy Fuel 22 (1): 564–569. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef070180z.
Kadier, A., P. Abdeshahian, Y. Simayi, M. Ismail, A. A. Hamid, and M. S. Kalil. 2015. “Grey relational analysis for comparative assessment of different cathode materials in microbial electrolysis cells.” Energy 90 (Part 2): 1556–1562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.06.108.
Kayacan, E., B. Ulutas, and O. Kaynak. 2010. “Grey system theory-based models in time series prediction.” Expert Syst. Appl. 37 (2): 1784–1789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2009.07.064.
Kumar, S. S., M. Uthayakumar, S. T. Kumaran, P. Parameswaran, E. Mohandas, G. Kempulraj, B. S. R. Babu, and S. A. Natarajan. 2015. “Parametric optimization of wire electrical discharge machining on aluminium based composites through grey relational analysis.” J. Manuf. Process. 20 (Part 1): 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2015.09.011.
Li, X., K. W. Hipel, and Y. Dang. 2015. “An improved grey relational analysis approach for panel data clustering.” Expert Syst. Appl. 42 (23): 9105–9116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2015.07.066.
Lille, S., W. Blasiak, and M. Jewartowski. 2005. “Experimental study of the fuel jet combustion in high temperature and low oxygen content exhaust gases.” Energy 30 (2–4): 373–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.05.008.
Lina, S., J. Lu, I. J. Lewis, and C. Lewis. 2007. “Grey relation performance correlations among economics, energy use and carbon dioxide emission in Taiwan.” Energy Policy 35 (3): 1948–1955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2006.06.012.
Liu, J., X. Jiang, X. Huang, and S. Wu. 2010. “Morphological characterization of super fine pulverized coal particle. Part 2. AFM investigation of single coal particle.” Fuel 89 (12): 3884–3891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.07.001.
Lu, I. J., S. J. Lin, and C. Lewis. 2008. “Grey relation analysis of motor vehicular energy consumption in Taiwan.” Energy Policy 36 (7): 2556–2561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.03.015.
Lunghi, P., and R. Burzacca. 2004. “Energy recovery from industrial waste of a confectionery plant by means of BIGFC plant.” Energy 29 (12–15): 2601–2617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.05.016.
Mehregan, M. R., M. Jamporazmey, M. Hosseinzadeh, and A. Kazemi. 2012. “An integrated approach of critical success factors (CSFs) and grey relational analysis for ranking KM systems.” Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci. 41: 402–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.04.048.
Moran, J. C., J. L. Miguez, J. Porteiro, D. Patiño, E. Granada, and J. Collazo. 2009. “Study of the feasibility of mixing Refuse Derived Fuels with wood pellets through the grey and Fuzzy theory.” Renewable Energy 34 (12): 2607–2612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2009.04.033.
Morán, J., E. Granada, J. L. Míguez, and J. Porteiro. 2006. “Use of grey relational analysis to assess and optimize small biomass boilers.” Fuel Process. Technol. 87 (2): 123–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.08.008.
Naha, S., and S. K. Aggarwal. 2004. “Fuel effect on emission in partially premixed flames.” Combust. Flame 139 (1–2): 90–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.07.006.
Qiu, B., F. Wang, Y. Li, and W. Zuo. 2012. “Research on method of simulation model validation based on improved grey relational analysis.” Phys. Procedia 25: 1118–1125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.208.
Rørtveit, G. J., J. E. Hustad, S. C. Li, and F. A. Willams. 2002. “Effects of diluents on formation in hydrogen counterflow flames.” Combust. Flame 130 (1–2): 48–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(02)00362-0.
Sarıkaya, M., and A. Güllü. 2015. “Multi-response optimization of minimum quantity lubrication parameters using Taguchi-based grey relational analysis in turning of difficult-to-cut alloy Haynes 25.” J. Cleaner. Prod. 91: 347–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.
Singhabhandhu, A., and T. Tezuka. 2010. “The waste-to-energy framework for integrated multi-waste utilization: Waste cooking oil, waste lubricating oil, and waste plastics.” Energy 35 (6): 2544–2551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.03.001.
Tian, X., M. Ju, C. Shao, and Z. Fang. 2011. “Developing a new grey dynamic modeling system for evaluation of biology and pollution indicators of the marine environment in coastal areas.” Ocean Coast. Manage. 54 (10): 750–759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.08.003.
Veziroğlu, T. N. 2008. “21st Century’s energy: Hydrogen energy system.” Energy Convers. Manage. 49 (7): 1820–1831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2007.08.015.
Wang, A. H., J. J. Cal, and G. W. Xie. 2009. “Numerical simulation of combustion characteristics in high temperature air combustion furnace.” J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 16 (2): 6–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(09)60019-4.
Yao, A. W. L., and S. C. Chi. 2004. “Analysis and design of a Taguchi–Grey based electricity demand predictor for energy management systems.” Energy Convers. Manage. 45 (7–8): 1205–1217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2003.08.008.
Yin, J. C., Z. J. Zou, F. Xu, and N. N. Wang. 2014. “Online ship roll motion prediction based on grey sequential extreme learning machine.” Neurocomputing 129: 168–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2013.09.043.
Yuan, C., S. Liu, Z. Fang, and N. Xie. 2010. “The relation between Chinese economic development and energy consumption in the different periods.” Energ. Policy 38 (9): 5189–5198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.05.004.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 30, 2018
Accepted: Apr 11, 2018
Published online: Jul 24, 2018
Published in print: Oct 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Dec 24, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.