Assessment of Air Quality Impacts on Human Health and Vegetation at an Industrial Area
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 20, Issue 4
Abstract
This paper presents the impact of air pollutants on human health and vegetation at selected industrial and control areas of India. Air quality data monitored by regulatory agency and health data obtained from local hospitals for the period 2010–2012 were analyzed. The particulate matter (PM) size distributions and lung function of the exposed people were also measured in the two study regions using a nonviable cascade impactor and spirometer, respectively. Results indicated that the 24-h average concentration at the industrial area was and the measured and concentrations were and , respectively. The measured and concentrations at the control area were and , respectively. The health data recorded at hospitals indicated maximum hospital admissions during winter period. The lung function analysis for both the study areas revealed that the people residing in the industrial area were having a lower air exchange rate compared to the people residing in the control area. The effect of air quality on vegetation was also investigated. It was found that the plants’ photosynthetic rate in the industrial area was 50% lower than in the control area. The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) indicated highest APTI values of 13.1 and 16.4 for Bougainvillea plants in industrial and control areas, respectively. The lowest APTI value of 5.7 was observed for Eucalyptus species in the industrial area, which can be used as a potential bioindicator for air pollution assessment at the industrial area. Further, the dust deposition on the leaves of Bougainvillea was found to be 0.151 and at industrial and control areas, respectively.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Ahmad, A., and Bano, N. (2015). “Ambient air quality of Firozabad city—A spatio-temporal analysis.” J. Global Biosci., 4(2), 1488–1496.
Banerjee, T., Singh, S. B., and Srivastava, R. K. (2011). “Development and performance evaluation of statistical models correlating air pollutants and meteorological variables at Pantnagar, India.” Atmos. Res., 99(3), 505–517.
Bhanarkar, A. D., Rao, P. S., Gajghate, D. G., and Nema, P. (2005). “Inventory of , PM and toxic metals emissions from industrial sources in Greater Mumbai, India.” Atmos. Environ., 39(21), 3851–3864.
Bhaskar, B. V., Rajasekhar, R. J., Muthusubramanian, P., and Kesarkar, A. P. (2008). “Measurement and modeling of respirable particulate () and lead pollution over Madurai, India.” Air Qual. Atmos. and Health, 1(1), 45–55.
Biswal, S. K., and Majhi, A. (2013). “Rapid industrialization: A boon or curse to the air environment of industrial clusters (Angul-Talcher area).” Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol., 2(11), 2694–2698.
Chang, C. C., Tsai, S. S., Ho, S. C., and Yang, C. Y. (2005). “Air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Taipei, Taiwan.” Environ. Res., 98(1), 114–119.
Chang, Y. K., Wu, C. C., Lee, L. T., Lin, R. S., Yu, Y. H., and Chen, Y. C. (2012). “The short-term effects of air pollution on adolescent lung function in Taiwan.” Chemosphere, 87(1), 26–30.
Chithra, V. S., and Nagendra, S. S. (2013). “Chemical and morphological characteristics of indoor and outdoor particulate matter in an urban environment.” Atmos. Environ., 77, 579–587.
Chung, W., Sharifi, V. N., Swithenbank, J., Osammor, O., and Nolan, A. (2008). “Characterisation of airborne particulate matter in a city environment.” Mod. Appl. Sci., 2(4), 17.
CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board). (2009). “Comprehensive environmental assessment of industrial clusters.” EIAS/5/2009-10, New Delhi, India.
Cropper, M., Gamkhar, S., Malik, K., Limonov, A., and Partridge, I. (2012). “The health effects of coal electricity generation in India.” Resources for the Future, Washington, DC, 2–25.
CSIR-IITR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research—Indian Institute of Toxicology Research). (2015). “Assessment of ambient air quality of Lucknow city during pre-monsoon.” Lucknow, India.
Deshmukh, D. K., Tsai, Y. I., Deb, M. K., and Mkoma, S. L. (2012). “Characterization of dicarboxylates and inorganic ions in urban aerosols in the eastern central India.” Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 12(4), 592–607.
Elminir, H. K. (2005). “Dependence of urban air pollutants on meteorology.” Sci. Total Environ., 350(1), 225–237.
Farquhar, G. D., and Sharkey, T. D. (1982). “Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis.” Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 33(1), 317–345.
Gupta, A. (2012). “Ambient air quality of an industrial estate: Mandi Gobindgarh.” Ph.D. dissertation, Thapar Univ., Patiala, India.
Gupta, A. K., Karar, K., and Srivastava, A. (2007). “Chemical mass balance source apportionment of PM 10 and TSP in residential and industrial sites of an urban region of Kolkata, India.” J. Hazard. Mater., 142(1), 279–287.
Guttikunda, S. K., and Goel, R. (2013). “Health impacts of particulate pollution in a megacity—Delhi, India.” Environ. Dev., 6, 8–20.
Guttikunda, S. K., and Jawahar, P. (2012). “Application of SIM-air modeling tools to assess air quality in Indian cities.” Atmos. Environ., 62, 551–561.
Guttikunda, S. K., and Jawahar, P. (2014). “Atmospheric emissions and pollution from the coal-fired thermal power plants in India.” Atmos. Environ., 92, 449–460.
He, Q. Q., et al. (2010). “Effects of ambient air pollution on lung function growth in Chinese schoolchildren.” Respir. Med., 104(10), 1512–1520.
IMD (Indian Meteorological Department). (2013). “Chennai weather data.” 〈http://www.imdchennai.gov.in/climate/chennai2.htm〉 (Nov. 5, 2015).
Khanna, I., Khare, M., and Gargava, P. (2015). “Health risks associated with heavy metals in fine particulate matter: A case study in Delhi City, India.” J. Geosci. Environ. Prot., 3(02), 72.
Kulshrestha, A., Satsangi, P. G., Masih, J., and Taneja, A. (2009). “Metal concentration of and particles and seasonal variations in urban and rural environment of Agra, India.” Sci. Total Environ., 407(24), 6196–6204.
Lee, I. M., Tsai, S. S., Ho, C. K., Chiu, H. F., Wu, T. N., and Yang, C. Y. (2008). “Air pollution and hospital admissions for congestive heart failure: Are there potentially sensitive groups?” Environ. Res., 108(3), 348–353.
Mathew, J., Goyal, R., Taneja, K. K., and Arora, N. (2014). “Study on air pollution and respiratory health of children in Delhi, India.” J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 133(2), AB97.
Morison, J. I. J. (1987). “Intercellular concentration and stomatal response to .” Stomatal Function, E. Zeiger, G. D. Farquhar, and I. R. Cowan, eds., Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, CA, 229–251.
Mukhopadhyay, K., and Forssell, O. (2005). “An empirical investigation of air pollution from fossil fuel combustion and its impact on health in India during 1973–1974 to 1996–1997.” Ecol. Econ., 55(2), 235–250.
Nieboer, E., MacFarlane, J. D., and Richardson, D. H. S. (1983). “Modification of plant cell buffering capacities by gaseous air pollutants.” Gaseous air pollutants and plant metabolism, M. J. Koziol and F. R. Whatley, eds., Butterworths, London, 313–330.
Pandey, P., et al. (2012). “Seasonal trends of and in ambient air and their correlation in ambient air of Lucknow City, India.” Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 88(2), 265–270.
PAPA. (2011). “Coordinated studies of short-term exposure public health and air pollution in Asia (PAPA): To air pollution and daily mortality in two Indian cities.”, Health Effects Institute, Boston.
Pinder, R., Gilliland, A., and Dennis, R. L. (2006). “The impact of winter emission reductions on inorganic particulate matter under present and future regulated conditions.” Proc., Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
Prayas. (2013). “Black and dirty: The real challenges facing India’s coal sector.” Shailesh Art Print, Pune, India.
Qiu, H., Yu, I. T. S., Wang, X., Tian, L., Tse, L. A., and Wong, T. W. (2013). “Season and humidity dependence of the effects of air pollution on COPD hospitalizations in Hong Kong.” Atmos. Environ., 76, 74–80.
Rai, P. K., and Panda, L. L. (2015). “Roadside plants as bio indicators of air pollution in an industrial region, Rourkela, India.” Int. J. Adv. Res. Technol., 4(1), 14–36.
Rao, M. V., and Dubey, P. S. (1992). “Occurrence of heavy metals in air and their accumulation by tropical plants growing around an industrial area.” Sci. Total Environ., 126(1), 1–16.
Rodopoulou, S., Chalbot, M. C., Samoli, E., DuBois, D. W., San Filippo, B. D., and Kavouras, I. G. (2014). “Air pollution and hospital emergency room and admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Dona Ana County, New Mexico.” Environ. Res., 129, 39–46.
Saquib, M., Ahmad, A., and Ansari, K. (2010). “Morphological and physiological responses of Croton bonplandianum Baill. to air pollution.” Ecoprint: Int. J. Ecol., 17, 35–41.
Sgrigna, G., Sæbø, A., Gawronski, S., Popek, R., and Calfapietra, C. (2015). “Particulate Matter deposition on Quercus ilex leaves in an industrial city of central Italy.” Environ. Pollut., 197, 187–194.
Singh, S. K., and Rao, D. N. (1983). “Evaluation of plants for their tolerance to air pollution.” Proc., Symp. on Air Pollution Control, Vol. 1, Indian Association for Air Pollution Control, New Delhi, India, 218–224.
Singh, S. N., and Verma, A. (2007). “Phytoremediation of air pollutants: A review.” Environmental bioremediation technologies, Springer, Berlin, 293–314.
Sivacoumar, R., Bhanarkar, A. D., Goyal, S. K., Gadkari, S. K., and Aggarwal, A. L. (2001). “Air pollution modeling for an industrial complex and model performance evaluation.” Environ. Pollut., 111(3), 471–477.
Son, J. Y., Bell, M. L., and Lee, J. T. (2010). “Individual exposure to air pollution and lung function in Korea: Spatial analysis using multiple exposure approaches.” Environ. Res., 110(8), 739–749.
Spiroska, J., Rahman, A., and Pal, S. (2011). “Air pollution in Kolkata: An analysis of current status and interrelation between different factors.” SEEU Rev., 8(1), 182–214.
Srinivas, J., and Purushotham, A. V. (2013). “Determination of air quality index status in industrial areas of Visakhapatnam, India.” Res. J. Eng. Sci., 2(6), 13–24.
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). (1999a). “Compendium of methods for the determination of inorganic compounds in ambient air, compendium method IO-3.1: Selection, preparation and extraction of filter material.” Cincinnati.
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). (1999b). “Compendium of methods for the determination of metals in ambent particulate matter using inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS).” Cincinnati.
Winner, W. E. (1989). “Photosynthesis and transpiration measurements as biomarkers of air pollution effects on forests.” Biologic markers of air-pollution stress and damage in forests, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 303–316.
Wuytack, T., Verheyen, K., Wuyts, K., Kardel, F., Adriaenssens, S., and Samson, R. (2010). “The potential of biomonitoring of air quality using leaf characteristics of white willow (Salix alba L.).” Environ. Monit. Assess., 171(1–4), 197–204.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 20 • Issue 4 • October 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 11, 2015
Accepted: Dec 1, 2015
Published online: Mar 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Aug 1, 2016
Published in print: Oct 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.