Freshwater Flocculation Dependence on Turbulence Properties in the Usumacinta River
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 12
Abstract
Freshwater flocculation in the Usumacinta River delta during the high flow season was confirmed and supported by field data and the results from experiments conducted in a rotating annular flume and in a settling column device. Although the stream intensity and a bottom macroform generated and disturbed the 3D turbulence components in the cross section, the flow patterns followed the logarithmic law and the Nezu and Nakagawa models. The Rouse model can be applied to predict suspended sediment flux; however, flocculation led to diffusivity ratios less than 0.63 and effective settling velocities close to that were consistent with the mass conservation equation. When comparing the suspended load patterns of several lowland rivers, flocculation stages are related to shear rate; furthermore, in contrast to saline environments, the representative aggregate size in freshwater systems is presumably higher than the Kolmogorov microscale.
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Data Availability Statement
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Some or all data, models, or code used during the study were provided by a third party (ADCP data). Direct requests for these materials may be made to the provider as indicated in the Acknowledgments.
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Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request (field concentrations, results from experiments, and data analysis).
Acknowledgments
The first author is grateful to CONACYT (the Mexican research funding agency) for the economic support during his doctoral studies. The authors are also grateful to ECOSUR for providing the ADCP data and the support during the sampling campaigns (Ph.D., M. Mercedes Castillo-Uzcaga).
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Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 147 • Issue 12 • December 2021
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Received: May 15, 2020
Accepted: Jul 13, 2021
Published online: Sep 28, 2021
Published in print: Dec 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Feb 28, 2022
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- Yuliang Zhu, Mingze Lin, Xiaoteng Shen, Michael Fettweis, Ying Zhang, Jinfeng Zhang, Qilong Bi, Zi Wu, Biomineral Flocculation of Kaolinite and Microalgae: Laboratory Experiments and Stochastic Modeling, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 10.1029/2022JC018591, 127, 11, (2022).