Experimental Observations on the Initiation of Sand-Bed Erosion by an Upward Water Jet
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 7
Abstract
Erosion of a saturated sand bed by a vertically upward water jet was studied experimentally. Direct observations on the behavior of sand-bed erosion were obtained by increasing the flow rate at a small increment until fluidization developed to the surface of the sand layer. With the increase in flow rate, the sand bed underwent different stages: no cavity, a stable cavity above the jet, an unstable cavity propagating upward, and full fluidization. The mechanism for the cavity evolution was investigated, and an analytical model was developed to predict the critical flow rate for full fluidization. The model predictions compared well with the measurements in the experiments with different sand-layer thicknesses.
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Acknowledgments
The present research is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51478417), the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment in China (2012ZX07408-002, 2012ZX07403-004), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 7 • July 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 8, 2015
Accepted: Nov 16, 2016
Published ahead of print: Feb 27, 2017
Published online: Feb 28, 2017
Published in print: Jul 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Jul 28, 2017
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