One-Dimensional Modeling Techniques for Three-Dimensional Grade Control Structures
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 5
Abstract
Generally constructed with materials from the proximal environment and promoting a more natural aesthetic within a stream, rock-weir grade control structures have recently become popular in-stream alternatives. Energy expenditure through rock weirs is increased from in situ, primarily one-dimensional (1D) conditions owing to strong velocity gradients and turbulence losses. Flow modeling methodologies utilizing a 1D assumption are not directly applicable for representing hydraulics through rock weirs; however, such models are readily implemented in engineering practice. An approach altering parameters and cross section configurations within a 1D model, Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), was developed to approximate hydraulic conditions associated with A-shaped, U-shaped, and W-shaped rock-weirs using data from a near-prototype physical model. Manning’s roughness values were adjusted for minimum energy variance and calibrated to serve as a turbulence model. Predicted total mechanical energy head and water surface elevations were approximated within a mean reach-averaged cross section absolute error of 0.013 m. The developed methodology may be implemented in streams with similar dimensions and flow characteristics to the laboratory, and provides an approach for rock-weir field design.
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Acknowledgments
The writers sincerely thank the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for providing funding to perform the research, notably Elaina Holburn and Kent Collins. Chris Holmquist-Johnson played an integral role in the design of the test matrix and testing procedures.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 141 • Issue 5 • May 2015
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 18, 2013
Accepted: Aug 28, 2014
Published online: Jan 12, 2015
Published in print: May 1, 2015
Discussion open until: Jun 12, 2015
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