Numerical Modeling of the Effect of Duration of Barotropic Forcing on Sea Strait Flow: Case Study of the Bosphorus Strait
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 11
Abstract
The straits connecting two large water bodies show very strong and highly stratified currents related to meteorological, morphological, and hydrodynamic conditions. The Bosphorus is one such strait, connecting the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. In general, there is a two-layer current system in the strait. The southward barotropic flow is driven by the sea-level difference between these two seas, with the Black Sea having the higher level. The northward baroclinic flow, however, is driven by the difference in density (which is predominantly governed by salinity) between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. In this study, the effect of the duration of a given barotropic forcing on the Bosphorus current structure was modeled by using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling approach. The approach is based on a number of unstructured flexible meshes and uses a finite volume solution technique. These meshes are based on linear triangular elements. Using turbulence and a hydrostatic pressure assumption, the same magnitude of forcing was modeled for five different durations. The model results and measurements show that in the first four cases, which were of shorter duration, one-layered flow dominated the whole channel, while in the fifth case, a two-layer flow persisted.
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Acknowledgments
I wish to express my sincere thanks to the general directorate of the Marmaray project of the Ministry of Transportation and the general directorate of port, airports, and railways construction of Turkey for giving us access to the Bosphorus Strait measurement data. I would also like to thank the Office of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography (ONNHO) division of the Turkish navy department for bathymetric and coast line measurements of the strait on which the modeling process in this study based on. Finally, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Professor Dr. Yalçın Yüksel for his insightful comments and suggestions during the writing stage of this paper.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 139 • Issue 11 • November 2013
Pages: 1199 - 1211
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 31, 2012
Accepted: May 24, 2013
Published online: May 27, 2013
Discussion open until: Oct 27, 2013
Published in print: Nov 1, 2013
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