Technical Papers
Jan 30, 2013

Spatially Averaged Flows over Mobile Rough Beds: Definitions, Averaging Theorems, and Conservation Equations

Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 8

Abstract

This paper reports the double-averaged (in space and in time) hydrodynamic equations for mobile-boundary conditions that are derived based on the refined double-averaging theorems, modified Reynolds decomposition, and improved definitions of the spatial and time bed porosities. The obtained double-averaged conservation equations provide a mathematical framework for studying mobile-boundary flows such as gravel bed rivers during flood events or flows over vegetated beds. These equations will help in designing measurement campaigns for obtaining mobile bed data and their interpretation and parameterization, eventually leading to improved and more robust predictive models.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The work was partly supported by the EPSRC, UK (EP/G056404/1), within the project “High-resolution numerical and experimental studies of turbulence-induced sediment erosion and near-bed transport,” and was also stimulated by the Scientific Research Network WO.027p11N “The functioning of river ecosystems through plant-flow-soil interactions.” The authors are grateful to the editor and the reviewers for helpful suggestions that improved the final version of the paper.

References

Aberle, J., Nikora, V., Henning, M., Ettmer, B., and Hentschel, B. (2010). “Statistical characterization of bed roughness due to bed forms: A field study in the Elbe River at Aken, Germany.” Water Resour. Res., 46(3), W03521.
Antonia, R. A., and Atkinson, J. D. (1974). “Use of a pseudo-turbulent signal to calibrate an intermittency measuring circuit.” J. Fluid Mech., 64(4), 679–699.
Field, R. V., Jr., and Grigoriu, M. (2011). “A Poisson random field model for intermittent phenomena with application to laminar-turbulent transition and material microstructure.” Appl. Math. Modell., 35(3), 1142–1156.
Finnigan, J. J. (1985). “Turbulent transport in flexible plant canopies.” The forest-atmosphere interactions, B. A. Hutchinson and B. B. Hicks, eds., D. Reidel Publishing, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 443–480.
Finnigan, J. J. (2000). “Turbulence in plant canopies.” Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 32, 519–571.
Gimenez-Curto, L. A., and Corniero Lera, M. A. (1996). “Oscillating turbulent flow over very rough surfaces.” J. Geophys. Res., 101(C9), 20,745–20,758.
Gray, W. G., and Lee, P. C. Y. (1977). “On the theorems for local volume averaging of multiphase systems.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 3(4), 333–340.
Kinnmark, I. P. E., and Gray, W. G. (1984). “An exposition of the distribution function used in proving the averaging theorems for multiphase flows.” Adv. Water Resour., 7(3), 113–115.
Kono, T., Ashie, Y., and Tamura, T. (2010). “Mathematical derivation of spatially-averaged momentum equations for an urban canopy model using underlying concepts of the immersed boundary method.” Boundary Layer Meteorol., 135(2), 185–207.
Lien, F.-S., Yee, E., and Wilson, J. D. (2005). “Numerical modelling of the turbulent flow developing within and over a 3-d building array, part II: A mathematical foundation for a distributed drag force approach.” Boundary Layer Meteorol., 114(2), 245–285.
Lopez, F., and Garcia, M. H. (2001). “Mean flow and turbulence structure of open-channel flow through emergent vegetation.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 127(5), 392–402.
Nepf, H. (2012). “Hydrodynamics of vegetated channels.” J. Hydraul. Res., 50(3), 262–279.
Nikora, V., Goring, D., McEwan, I., and Griffiths, G. (2001). “Spatially-averaged open-channel flow over a rough bed.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 127(2), 123–133.
Nikora, V., McEwan, I., McLean, S., Coleman, S., Pokrajac, D., and Walters, R. (2007a). “Double-averaging concept for rough-bed open-channel and overland flows: Theoretical background.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 133(8), 873–883.
Nikora, V., and Rowinski, P., eds. (2008). “Rough-bed flows in geophysical, environmental, and engineering systems: Double-averaging approach and its applications.” Acta Geophys., 56(3), 529–934.
Nikora, V., et al. (2007b). “Double-averaging concept for rough-bed open-channel and overland flows: Applications.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 133(8), 884–895.
Papanicolaou, A. N., Dermisis, D., and Elhakeem, M. (2011). “Investigating the role of clasts on the movement of sand over gravel bed rivers.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 137(9), 871–883.
Pedras, M. H. J., and de Lemos, M. J. S. (2000). “On the definition of turbulent kinetic energy for flow in porous media.” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer, 27(2), 211–220.
Poggi, D., Katul, G. G., and Albertson, J. D. (2004). “Momentum transfer and turbulent kinetic energy budgets within a dense model canopy.” Boundary Layer Meteorol., 111(3), 589–614.
Pokrajac, D., McEwan, I. K., and Nikora, V. (2008). “Spatially averaged turbulent stress and its partitioning.” Exp. Fluids, 45(1), 73–83.
Radice, A., and Ballio, F. (2008). “Double-average characteristics of sediment motion in one-dimensional bed load.” Acta Geophys., 56(3), 654–668.
Raupach, M. R., and Shaw, R. H. (1982). “Averaging procedures for flow within vegetation canopies.” Boundary Layer Meteorol., 22(1), 79–90.
Torquato, S. (2002). Random heterogeneous materials: Microstructure and macroscopic properties, Springer, New York.
Wilson, N. R., and Shaw, R. H. (1977). “A higher order closure model for canopy flow.” J. Appl. Meteorol., 16(11), 1197–1205.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 139Issue 8August 2013
Pages: 803 - 811

History

Received: Jul 27, 2012
Accepted: Jan 28, 2013
Published online: Jan 30, 2013
Discussion open until: Jun 30, 2013
Published in print: Aug 1, 2013

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Vladimir Nikora [email protected]
Professor, School of Engineering, Univ. of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Francesco Ballio [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milan, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]
Stephen Coleman [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected]
Dubravka Pokrajac [email protected]
Reader, School of Engineering, Univ. of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share