Experimental Studies on Vertical Dense Jets in a Flowing Current
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 11
Abstract
Experiments were performed using three-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence on turbulent vertical dense jets in flowing currents typical of brine disposal from seawater desalination plants. The flows are complex and different phenomena can dominate at different locations and at different current speeds, indicating that predicting these flows numerically will be quite challenging. At low current speeds, the rising and falling flows are almost vertical with some interference between them and the bottom flow spreads upstream as a wedge. At higher current speeds the wedge is expelled; the ascending flow is still almost vertical, but the descending flow is more gradual so the jet impacts the lower boundary farther downstream. Dilutions at the terminal rise height and impact point increase with increasing current speeds. Cross-sectional profiles of tracer concentration are neither axially or self-similar. In the descending flow, at low or intermediate current speeds, the plume is much taller than it is wide, the peak concentration occurs much closer to the top, and fluid can detrain from the jet. At higher current speeds, the profiles initially approach radial symmetry, but develop a kidney shape due to formation of two counter-rotating vortices farther downstream. These vortices cause the jet to almost completely bifurcate after impacting the bottom.
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Acknowledgments
The writers greatly appreciate the discussions with Dr. Semih Nemlioglu of the Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University, and his assistance with the experiments and data reduction. We appreciate the thorough and constructive comments of the reviewers that helped to significantly improve the paper.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 135 • Issue 11 • November 2009
Pages: 935 - 948
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Aug 14, 2008
Accepted: May 20, 2009
Published online: Jun 1, 2009
Published in print: Nov 2009
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