Simulation of Surface Runoff Using Hydrodynamic Model
Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 22, Issue 6
Abstract
A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, named CHRE2D, is developed for simulating surface runoff in watershed. The model is based on the solution to shallow water equations (SWEs) using the Godunov-type finite volume method. The novelty of the model is a stable and accurate algorithm to calculate flow velocities in cells of very shallow flow depth. Stability analysis shows that the friction terms in the momentum equations are stiff when flow depth is very small (e.g., ). In this study, the velocities in those cells are calculated by the diffusion wave approximation (DWA). This leads to a perfect balance between the surface gradient and the friction terms and prevents the occurrence of stiffness. Furthermore, the model possesses the well-balance property for both overland and channel flow. This allows the use of the original digital elevation model (DEM) data without removing topographic depressions. The model has been tested and verified by three experimental and one field cases including the rapidly varied dam-break flow and the sheet flood in arid regions. Simulated flow depth, velocity, and discharge hydrographs were compared with available measurements in two experimental testing cases. Since the resolution of the DEM significantly affects the modeling results of flow depth for field applications, only the simulated hydrograph was compared with the observation. The simulated results demonstrate that the model is highly capable of simulating both hydrodynamic and hydrological flow processes.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for research funding provided by NSF Award EAR-0846523 to the University of Arizona.
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Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 22 • Issue 6 • June 2017
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©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Feb 26, 2016
Accepted: Nov 8, 2016
Published ahead of print: Feb 20, 2017
Published online: Feb 21, 2017
Published in print: Jun 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Jul 21, 2017
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