Assessment of Wide River Characteristics Using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 21, Issue 12
Abstract
An acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was used to measure a wide range of velocity profiles and flow rates within the Red River in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, over 2 years. The river is highly sinuous with approximate sinuosity of 2. Chiu’s entropy-based velocity profile equation was used to find the best fitted curve to the measured data and an value of 4 was found to be adequate to predict the velocity profile within the Red River in Winnipeg. Moreover, several water samples were collected from the river under different flow rates to investigate a relationship between total suspended solids concentration () in the river and measured signal to noise ratio (SNR) by an ADCP. The best fit was an exponential function with .
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by Manitoba Hydro and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada. The authors would like to thank Alexander Wall, Joey Simoes, and Owen Westervelt for their assistance with the field work.
References
Ammari, A., and Remini, B. (2010). “Estimation of Algerian rivers discharges based one Chi’s equation.” Arab J. Geosci., 3(1), 59–65.
Araujo, J., and Chaudhry, F. (1998). “Experimental evaluation of 2-D entropy model for open channel flow.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 1064–1067.
Ardiclioglu, M., Genc, O., Kalin, L., and Agiralioglu, N. (2012). “Investigation of flow properties in natural streams using the entropy concept.” Water Environ. J., 26(2), 147–154.
Bolanos, R., Thorne, P., and Wolf, J. (2012). “Comparison of measurements and models of bed stress, bedforms and suspended sediments under combined currents and waves.” Coastal Eng., 62, 19–30.
Burnelli, A., Mirauda, D., Moramarco, T., and Pascale, V. (2008). “Applicability of entropic velocity distributions in natural channels.” River Flow 2008: Int Conf. on Fluvial Hydraulics, KUBABA Congress Dept. and Travel Services, Ankara, Turkey.
Chassagneux, F., and Hurther, D. (2014). “Wave bottom boundary layer processes below irregular surfzone breaking waves with light-weight sheet flow particle transport.” J. Geophys. Res., 119(3), 1668–1690.
Chiu, C.-L. (1987). “Entropy and probability concepts in hydraulics.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 583–599.
Gartner, J. W. (2004). “Estimating suspended solids concentrations from backscatter intensity measured by acoustic Doppler current profiler in San Francisco Bay, California.” Mar. Geol., 211(3–4), 169–187.
Ha, H., Hsu, W., Maa, J., Shao, Y., and Holland, C. (2009). “Using ADV backscatter strength for measuring suspended cohesive sediment concentration.” Cont. Shelf Res., 29(10), 1310–1316.
Ha, H., Maa, J., Park, K., and Kim, Y. (2011). “Estimation of high-resolution sediment concentration profiles in bottom boundary layer using pulse-coherent acoustic Doppler current profilers.” Mar. Geol., 279(1–4), 199–209.
Hay, A., and Bowen, A. (1994). “Coherence scales of wave-induced suspended sand concentration fluctuations.” J. Geophys. Res., 99(C6), 12749–12765.
Hay, A., Zedel, L., Cheel, R., and Dillon, J. (2012). “On the vertical and temporal structure of flow and stress within the turbulent oscillatory boundary layer above evolving sand ripples.” Cont. Shelf Res., 46, 31–49.
Keulegan, G. H. (1938). “Laws of turbulent flow in open channels.” J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand., 21(6), 707–741.
Kimiaghalam, N., Clark, S. P., and Ahmari, H. (2016a). “An experimental study on the effects of physical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of natural cohesive soils on critical shear stress and erosion rate.” Int. J. Sed. Res., 31(1), 1–15.
Kimiaghalam, N., Goharrokhi, M., and Clark, S. P. (2016b). “Estimating cohesive sediment erosion and deposition rates in wide rivers.” Can. J. Civil Eng., 43(2), 164–172.
Kimiaghalam, N., Goharrokhi, S., Clark, S. P., and Ahmari, H. (2015). “A comprehensive fluvial geomorphology study of riverbank erosion on the Red River in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.” J. Hydrol., 529, 1488–1498.
Moramarco, T., Saltalippi, C., and Singh, V. P. (2004). “Estimation of Mean Velocity in Natural Channels Based on Chiu’s velocity distribution equation.” J. Hydrol. Eng., 42–50.
O’Hara Murray, R., Hodgson, D., and Thorne, P. (2012). “Wave groups and the character of sediment resuspension over an evolving sandy bedforms.” Cont. Shelf Res., 46, 16–30.
Sahin, C., Safak, I., Hsu, T., and Sheremet, A. (2013). “Observations of suspended sediment stratification from acoustic backscatter in muddy environments.” Mar. Geol., 336(C2), 24–32.
Thorne, P., Davies, A., and Bell, P. (2009). “Observations and analysis of sediment diffusivity profiles over sandy rippled beds under waves.” J. Geophys. Res., 114(C2), in press.
Throne, P. D., MacDonald, I. T., and Vincent, C. E. (2014). “Modelling acoustic scattering by suspended flocculating sediments.” Cont. Shelf Res., 88, 81–91.
Ulrick, R. J., and Saling, D. S. (1962). “Backscattering of explosive sound from the deep-sea bed.” J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 34(11), 1721–1724.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 21 • Issue 12 • December 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 20, 2016
Accepted: Jun 22, 2016
Published online: Jul 26, 2016
Published in print: Dec 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Dec 26, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.