Modeling Evaporative Water Loss from the On-Farm Reservoir with Biological Shading
Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 15, Issue 7
Abstract
An attempt has been made on modeling evaporative water loss from the on-farm reservoir (OFR) with biological shading in rainfed upland areas. Biological shading over the water surface of a lined OFR has been developed by growing a creeper, namely, bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) on an erected bamboo platform. Based on normalized reference crop evapotranspiration, a canopy growth model was developed for predicting the percentage of ground cover of the creeper with respect to time. The predicted and observed values were in close agreement with each other having root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 11.43 and 5.86% during 2006 and 2007, respectively. The same model, when applied for simulating the growth rate of canopy cover on the embankment as well as on the bamboo platform of the OFR, maintained a very close agreement with the observed canopy cover on the embankment , whereas in case of bamboo platform the RMSE was 17.32 and 7.16% of observed canopy cover during 2006 and 2007, respectively. The radiation interception model developed by Hernandez-Suarez was modified to simulate the percentage of radiation interception with respect to the water surface of the OFR lying under the canopy cover. An evaporative water loss model was developed for the creeper covered OFR using the fraction of radiation and heat energy not intercepted and the evaporation equation of the open OFR. The RMSE values for observed versus predicted from the creeper covered OFR were 0.043 and in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Saving of due to biological shading up to 50% in comparison to the open OFR strongly supports the efficacy of the technology to mitigate from the OFRs in rainfed areas.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 15 • Issue 7 • July 2010
Pages: 544 - 553
Copyright
© 2010 ASCE.
History
Received: Jan 25, 2009
Accepted: Oct 26, 2009
Published online: Oct 28, 2009
Published in print: Jul 2010
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