Analysis of Three Bridges That Exhibited Various Performance Levels in Liquefied and Laterally Spreading Ground
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 7
Abstract
Three bridges supported on deep foundations that exhibited various performance levels in liquefied and laterally spreading ground are analyzed using a beam on nonlinear Winkler foundation method. The performance levels were (1) no measurable foundation deformation, (2) moderate damage, and (3) collapse. Analyses are first performed using the best available information regarding ground motions and free-field lateral spreading surface displacements. Predictions closely match observations when the inputs are well known. The cases are subsequently reanalyzed using a probabilistic forward prediction that incorporates uncertainty in the ground motion, liquefaction triggering evaluation, lateral spreading surface displacement, and structural response. Significant differences in lateral spreading displacements estimated by different methods introduced significant dispersion into predictions of structural response for cases of poor performance in which the piles moved with the spreading soil but had little influence for cases with good performance where the liquefied soil spread around a stiff pile foundation.
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Acknowledgments
Funding for this work was provided by the California Department of Transportation and the National Science Foundation through the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center under Project Nos. SA5407:1 (Caltrans) and SA5258 (NSF). Tom Shantz was the technical coordinator for the contracts. The authors are grateful to Daniel Chu and P. S. Lin for gathering information for the Leuw Mei Bridge and to Allison Faris for providing input on appropriate use of her lateral spreading model with uncertain ground motions in the forward predictions. The contents of this paper do not necessarily represent a policy of either funding agency or endorsement by the state or federal government.
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Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 139 • Issue 7 • July 2013
Pages: 1035 - 1048
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 10, 2011
Accepted: Sep 10, 2012
Published online: Sep 12, 2012
Published in print: Jul 1, 2013
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