Influence of Penetration Rate on Penetrometer Resistance
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 7
Abstract
Penetration resistance in fine-grained soils varies with the rate of penetration. Considering undrained behavior as a reference, as the rate of penetration is reduced, soil resistance increases because of the effects of partial consolidation and soil strengthening immediately ahead of the probe. Many penetration tests have been performed under different rates of penetration to identify the range of drainage characteristics of the soils used, correlating these conditions with laboratory interpretations and in situ tests. A backbone curve relates the variation of the normalized point resistance with the normalized rate of penetration. This work presents an analytical approach to the backbone curve equation used to fit test data. In addition, this paper presents a set of centrifuge tests with variable penetration rates performed with a soil classified as silty tailings, which has different geotechnical behavior from most of the soils used by previous researchers.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge CENPES/PETROBRAS for the financial support of this research. The authors are also indebted to Daviely Rodrigues from Samarco Mineração S. A. and Professor Terezinha Espósito from the Federal University of Minas Gerais for their support and interest in this study. The authors would also like to acknowledge Martin Fahey of the University of Western Australia and Khader Rammah for their review and comments on this paper.
References
Almeida, M. S. S., and Parry, R. H. G. (1983). “Miniature vane and cone penetration tests during centrifuge flight.” Int. Symp. on Laboratory and Field Vane Shear Strength Testing, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, 209–219.
Chung, S. F., and Randolph, M. F. (2004). “Penetration resistance in soft clay for different shaped penetrometers.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Site Characterisation, Millpress, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 671–677.
Chung, S. F., Randolph, M. F., and Schneider, J. A. (2006). “Effect of penetration rate on penetrometer resistance in clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 132(9), 1188–1196.
Finnie, I. M. S., and Randolph, M. F. (1994). “Punch-through and liquefaction induced failure of shallow foundations on calcareous sediments.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Behaviour of Offshore Structures, Vol. 1, Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K., 217–230.
House, A. R., Oliveira, J. R. M. S., and Randolph, M. F. (2001). “Evaluating the coefficient of consolidation using penetration tests.” Int. J. Phys. Model. Geotech., 1(3), 17–26.
Jaeger, R. A., DeJong, J. T., Boulanger, R. W., Low, H. E., and Randolph, M. F. (2010). “Variable penetration rate CPT in an intermediate soil.” Proc., 2nd Int. Symp. on Cone Penetration Testing, Omnipress, Madison, WI.
Kim, K., Prezzi, M., Salgado, R., and Lee, W. (2008). “Effect of penetration rate on cone penetration resistance in saturated clayey soils.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 134(8), 1142–1153.
Lehane, B. M., O’Loughlin, C. D., Gaudin, C., and Randolph, M. F. (2009). “Rate effects on penetration resistance in kaolin.” Geotechnique, 59(1), 41–52.
Lo Presti, D., Squeglia, N., Meisina, C., and Visconti, L. (2010). “Use of CPT and CPTu for soil profiling of ‘intermediate’ soils: A new approach.” Proc., 2nd Int. Symp. on Cone Penetration Testing, Omnipress, Madison, WI.
Motta, H. P. G., Oliveira, J. R. M. S., Almeida, M. S. S., Espósito, T. J., and Pequeno, J. G. A. (2010). “Cyclic behaviour of iron mining tailings using centrifuge mini-CPT tests.” 7th Int. Conf. on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics—ICPMG 2010, Vol. 2, CRC Press, London, 1471–1476.
Oliveira, J. R. M. S., Almeida, M. S. S., Marques, M. E. S., and Almeida, M. C. F. (2006). “Undrained strength of very soft clay soils used in pipeline studies in the centrifuge.” 6th Int. Conf. on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, Taylor & Francis, London, 1355–1369.
Randolph, M. F., and Hope, S. (2004). “Effect of cone velocity on cone resistance and excess pore pressures.” Proc., Int. Symp. on Engineering Practice and Performance of Soft Deposits, Yodogawa Kogisha, Osaka, Japan, 147–152.
Schnaid, F., Bedin, J., and Costa Filho, L. M. (2007). “Piezocone in silty tailing materials.” Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica, 29(1-2), 151–162.
Schnaid, F., Lehane, B. M., and Fahey, M. (2004). “In situ test characterization of unusual geomaterials.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Site Characterization, Vol. 1, Millpress, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 49–74.
Schneider, J. A., Lehane, B. M., and Schnaid, F. (2007). “Velocity effects on piezocone measurements in normally and over consolidated clays.” Int. J. Phys. Model. Geotech., 7(2), 23–34.
Stewart, D. P., and Randolph, M. F. (1994). “-bar penetration in soft clay.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., 120(12), 2230–2235.
Stone, K. J. L., and Kyambadde, B. S. (2007). “Determination of strength and index properties of fine-grained soils using a soil minipenetrometer.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 133(6), 667–673.
Watson, P. G., Newson, T. A., and Randolph, M. F. (1998). “Strength profiling in soft offshore soils.” Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Site Characterisation, Vol. 2, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 1389–1394.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 137 • Issue 7 • July 2011
Pages: 695 - 703
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 28, 2010
Accepted: Oct 27, 2010
Published online: Nov 4, 2010
Published in print: Jul 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.