Investigation of Development of the Earth Pressure Coefficient at Rest in Clay During Creep in the Framework of Hyper-Viscoplasticity
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 21, Issue 1
Abstract
The in situ earth pressure coefficient at rest (K0) for clay has been widely discussed in the literature. In engineering practice, the empirical relationships between K0, the overconsolidation ratio (OCR), and the normally consolidated value (), is often used. Where is as a function of friction angle (φ). These relationships do not distinguish between an increase in OCR that is due to unloading or the creep of the material. Although there is a significant amount of literature on the measurement of the change in K0 during unloading, there is a lack of data on the evolution of K0 due to creep. The few existing in situ measurements of K0 are highly uncertain and are difficult to use to investigate the time evolution of K0. Therefore, there is no clear consensus on the time evolution of K0 within the geotechnical community. Over the last 20 years, several creep models for clay have been developed within the framework of elastoviscoplasticity. One common feature of many of these models is that they only predict a minor change in K0 with time, because K0 is given by one unique position on the potential surface. This contrasts with the unproven opinion of many practitioners who think that K0 increases with time (even toward unity). To broaden the perspective of the discussion, this paper addresses the time evolution of K0 in the framework of hyper-viscoplasticity. This framework offers a possibility for an increase in K0 (even toward unity under certain conditions).
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centers of Excellence funding Scheme, PoreLab, project number 262644. The work was carried out while the main author was visiting professor at UCD during the academic year 2019-2020.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- d
- dissipation function;
- K0
- Earth pressure coefficient at rest;
- Earth pressure coefficient at rest, normally consolidation value;
- m
- power number;
- M
- critical state line in p-q space;
- n
- creep power number;
- p
- mean effective stress;
- p0
- isotropic preconsolidation stress;
- peq
- equivalent effective stress;
- q
- deviatoric stress;
- r
- reference rate;
- w
- flow potential function;
- z
- force potential function;
- volumetric viscoplastic strain;
- deviatoric viscoplastic strain;
- γ
- parameter;
- η
- stress ratio (q/p);
- χp
- dissipative generalized mean stress; and
- χq
- dissipative generalized deviatoric stress.
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Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 21 • Issue 1 • January 2021
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 20, 2019
Accepted: Aug 11, 2020
Published online: Oct 23, 2020
Published in print: Jan 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Mar 23, 2021
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