Estimation of Transient Forces in Single Pile Embedded in Liquefiable Soil
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 20, Issue 9
Abstract
During the transient phase of liquefaction, i.e., from the onset of liquefaction to the stage of full liquefaction of soil, intrinsic properties of a soil–pile–structure system change causing a significant modification of the transient forces experienced by the pile foundation. However, adequate estimation of transient forces of pile foundation in liquefiable soils for different strong ground motions is not well established. Three-dimensional fully coupled dynamic analyses have been carried out using software OpenSees for piles embedded in single and two-layer soil profiles. Variable permeability of saturated sand has been implemented for higher accuracy in the simulation of cyclic behavior of sand during liquefaction. It was observed that maximum forces in the pile section occur in the transient phase with excess pore pressure ratio in the range of 0.50–0.75 for uniform soil and 0.60–0.90 for layered soil profiles for earthquake motions considered. This study presents the maximum transient forces expected in the pile section in nondimensional forms for a wide range of strong motion parameters, for example, predominant frequency, peak ground acceleration, bracketed duration, and Arias intensity.
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Acknowledgments
The first author acknowledges the financial support provided by MHRD, Govt. of India. The second author acknowledges the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India, for providing financial assistance for the research (Project No. MoES/P.O.(Seismo)/1(303)/2017). The authors are also thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their comments to improve the manuscript.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- D
- diameter of the pile (m);
- Dr
- relative density of sand;
- Ia
- arias intensity (m/s);
- kb
- permeability coefficient during excitation (m/s);
- ki
- initial permeability coefficient of soil (m/s);
- L
- length of the pile (m);
- Mmax
- maximum moment;
- Mp
- plastic yield moment capacity of pile (kN/m2);
- ru
- excess pore pressure ratio;
- ru,max
- maximum excess pore pressure ratio;
- Vc
- shear carrying capacity of pile (kN/m2);
- Vmax
- maximum shear force; and
- yc
- maximum horizontal pile head displacement.
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Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 20 • Issue 9 • September 2020
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 23, 2019
Accepted: Apr 24, 2020
Published online: Jun 30, 2020
Published in print: Sep 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Nov 30, 2020
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