Deformation of Granular Material under Continuous Rotation of Stress Principal Axes
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 19, Issue 4
Abstract
The mechanical response of granular material to the rotation of stress principal axes is an issue of both practical and theoretical importance in soil mechanics. This study used a two-dimensional (2D) discrete-element method (DEM) simulation to investigate the deformation of granular material under the continuous rotation of stress principal axes while maintaining fixed principal stress values. The results show that under such rotation, the deformation can exceed that caused by fixed principal stress axes cyclic biaxial compression with a maximum deviatoric stress ratio that equals the fixed stress ratio during rotation. The volumetric strain was found to be contractive overall while oscillating within each load cycle for specimens with significant fabric anisotropy. The initial fabric-anisotropy orientation was found to have little influence on the overall evolution of volumetric strain, although it was found to affect the development of shear strain. During the cycles of rotation of initial stress principal axes, the dilatancy of granular material, in the contractive direction, was found to be dominated by the evolving orientation of the major principal stress axis in reference to the initial major principal stress axis during anisotropic consolidation, and the influence of the initial fabric-anisotropy orientation was found to be trivial. As stress rotation continued, the influence of the relative orientation between stress and fabric became prominent, causing the material to dilate when the major principal stress axis rotated from the normal of the bedding plane to being perpendicular to it and causing contraction during the other half of the cycle.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51708332 and 51678346) for funding the work presented in this paper. Y. F. Dafalias acknowledges support by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC IDEAS Advanced Grant Agreement 290963 and partial support by the National Sciences Foundation (NSF) Project CMMI-1162096. This article is LLNL report LLNL-JRNL-744427.
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Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 19 • Issue 4 • April 2019
Copyright
© 2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 3, 2018
Accepted: Oct 5, 2018
Published online: Feb 7, 2019
Published in print: Apr 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Jul 7, 2019
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