Technical Papers
Aug 2, 2018

Effect of Tension on the Combined Loading Failure Envelope of a Pipeline on Soft Clay Seabed

Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 18, Issue 10

Abstract

Offshore pipelines are commonly laid directly on the seabed, which is dominantly soft clayey deposits in deep-water areas. This article presents a numerical finite-element study of the undrained bearing capacity of a pipeline partially embedded in clay soil and subjected to combined vertical (V) and horizontal (H) loading. The effect of tensile capacity between the pipe and soil is considered. Expressions for bearing-capacity envelopes explicitly written in the V–H space and covering a practical range of embedment ratios and uplift tensile capacities are presented. This allows offshore engineers to estimate pipeline behavior under combined loading with consideration of the tension between pipe and soil.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This research was undertaken with support from the Lloyd’s Register Foundation (LRF) and Australian Research Council Discovery Project (DP180103314). LRF, a U.K.-registered charity and sole shareholder of Lloyd’s Register Group Ltd., invests in science, engineering, and technology for public benefit, worldwide. This study comprises part of the activities of the Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems (COFS), currently supported as a node of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Geotechnical Science and Engineering. The second author would thank the discussion and suggestion from Dr Yan and Prof Zhang (supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51709198, 51574139 and Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin 16JCQNJC07900).

References

Ang, G. 1993. Implementation of Coulomb friction in user subroutine FRIC using the penalty method. HKS Technical Note. Pawtucket, RI: Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen (HKS).
Ang, G. 1994. Lagrange implementation of Coulomb friction using user subroutine FRIC. HKS Technical Note. Pawtucket, RI: Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen (HKS).
API (American Petroleum Institute). 2000. Recommended practice for planning, designing and constructing fixed offshore platforms. API RP2A. Washington, DC: API.
Aubeny, C. P., H. Shi, and J. D. Murff. 2005. “Collapse loads for a cylinder embedded in trench in cohesive soil.” Int. J. Geomech. 5 (4): 320–325. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1532-3641(2005)5:4(320).
Bransby, M. F., and M. F. Randolph. 1998. “Combined loading of skirted foundations.” Géotechnique 48 (5): 637–655. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1998.48.5.637.
Chatterjee, S., D. J. White, and M. F. Randolph. 2012. “Numerical simulations of pipe–Soil interaction during large lateral movements on clay.” Géotechnique 62 (8): 693–705. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.10.P.107.
Chen, W., and M. F. Randolph. 2007. “Uplift capacity of suction caissons under sustained and cyclic loading in soft clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 133 (11): 1352–1363. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:11(1352).
Cheuk, C. Y., D. J. White, and H. R. C. Dingle. 2008. “Upper bound plasticity analysis of a partially-embedded pipe under combined vertical and horizontal loading.” Soils Found. 48 (1): 133–140. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.48.133.
Curnier, A., and P. Alart. 1988. “A generalized Newton method for contact problems with friction.” J. Mecan. Theor. Appl. 67–82.
da Costa, A. M., C. de Oliveira Cardoso, C. dos Santos Amaral, and A. Andueza. 2002. “Soil-structure interaction of heated pipeline buried in soft clay.” In Proc., 4th Int. Pipeline Conf., 457–466. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Dingle, H. R. C., D. J. White, and C. Gaudin. 2008. “Mechanisms of pipe embedment and lateral breakout on soft clay.” Can. Geotech. J. 45 (5): 636–652. https://doi.org/10.1139/T08-009.
Dutta, S., B. Hawlader, and R. Phillips. 2015. “Finite element modeling of partially embedded pipelines in clay seabed using coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method.” Can. Geotech. J. 52 (1): 58–72. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0045.
Gourvenec, S., and M. Randolph. 2003. “Effect of strength non-homogeneity on the shape of failure envelopes for combined loading of strip and circular foundations on clay.” Géotechnique 53 (6): 575–586. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2003.53.6.575.
Hodder, M. S., and M. J. Cassidy. 2010. “A plasticity model for predicting the vertical and lateral behaviour of pipelines in clay soils.” Géotechnique 60 (4): 247–263. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.8.P.055.
Hossain, M. S., C. D. O'Loughlin, and Y. Kim. 2015. “Dynamic installation and monotonic pullout of a torpedo anchor in calcareous silt.” Géotechnique 65 (2): 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.13.P.153.
ISO. 2002. Petroleum and natural gas industries—Specific requirements for offshore structures. Part 4: Geotechnical and foundation design considerations. ISO/FDIS 19901-4:2002. Geneva: ISO.
Ju, J. W., and R. L. Taylor. 1988. “A perturbed Lagrangian formulation for the finite-element solution of nonlinear frictional contact problems.” J. Mecan. Theor. Appl. 7: 1–14.
Martin, C. M., and D. J. White. 2012. “Limit analysis of the undrained bearing capacity of offshore pipelines.” Géotechnique 62 (9): 847–863. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.12.OG.016.
Merifield, R. S., D. J. White, and M. F. Randolph. 2008. “The ultimate undrained resistance of partially embedded pipelines.” Géotechnique 58 (6): 461–470. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2007.00097.
Merifield, R. S., D. J. White, and M. F. Randolph. 2009. “Effect of surface heave on response of partially embedded pipelines on clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 135 (6): 819–829. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000070.
Perić, D., and D. R. J. Owen. 1992. “Computational model for 3-D contact problems with friction based on the penalty method.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 35 (6): 1289–1309. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620350609.
Randolph, M. F., and D. J. White. 2008. “Upper-bound yield envelopes for pipelines at shallow embedment in clay.” Géotechnique 58 (4): 297–301. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2008.58.4.297.
Shen, Z., X. Feng, and S. Gourvenec. 2016. “Undrained capacity of surface foundations with zero-tension interface under planar V-H-M loading.” Comput. Geotech. 73: 47–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2015.11.024.
SIMULIA. 2012. Abaqus 6.13 analysis user’s manual. Providence, RI: SIMULIA.
Stewart, D. P., and M. F. Randolph. 1991. “A new site investigation tool for the centrifuge.” In Proc., Int. Conf., on Centrifuge Modelling—Centrifuge 91, 531–538. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Balkema.
Supacharawote, C., M. F. Randolph, and S. Gourvenec. 2005. “The effect of crack formation on the inclined pullout capacity of suction caissons.” In Proc., Int. Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, 577–584. Bologna, Italy: Patron Editore.
Tian, Y., M. J. Cassidy, and C. Gaudin. 2010. “Advancing pipe-soil interaction models in calcareous sand.” Appl. Ocean Res. 32 (3): 284–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2010.06.002.
Zhang, J., D. P. Stewart, and M. F. Randolph. 2002. “Modeling of shallowly embedded offshore pipelines in calcareous sand.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 128 (5): 363–371. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2002)128:5(363).

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to International Journal of Geomechanics
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 18Issue 10October 2018

History

Received: Jun 6, 2017
Accepted: Apr 10, 2018
Published online: Aug 2, 2018
Published in print: Oct 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Jan 2, 2019

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Ph.D. Candidate, Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems, Univ. of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. Email: [email protected]
Yinghui Tian [email protected]
Senior Research Fellow, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin Univ., Tianjin 300072, China; Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems and ARC CoE for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, Univ. of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]
Mark J. Cassidy [email protected]
Professor, Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems and ARC CoE for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, Univ. of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share