Methodology for Estimating Creep Deformation from Consolidation Deformation in 1D Compression
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 18, Issue 6
Abstract
In geotechnical engineering, characterization of time-dependent behavior of clayey soils under one-dimensional (1D) constant stress has been controversial. In some special cases, the creep deformation is insignificant during primary consolidation, and is assumed to start at the end of primary consolidation. In the general case, the total deformation results from a coupled process involving both hydromechanical (mechanical loading) and viscous (creep) effects. Creep deformation commences at the start of the loading. This paper proposes a methodology to decouple the creep-deformation component from the total deformation measured in oedometer tests. This methodology is based on the concept of isotache [i.e., there exists a unique relationship among void ratio, effective stress, and time factor (Hypothesis B)]. The methodology was used to analyze the 1D compression data of reconstituted Regina clay samples. It was demonstrated that this methodology is capable of determining the intrinsic properties of a 1D normally consolidated curve (independent of sample thickness and duration of end of primary consolidation) and creep behavior.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The funding provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), TransCanada Limited, and the University of Calgary is appreciated.
References
Bjerrum, L. (1967). “Engineering geology of Norwegian normally consolidated marine clays as related to settlements of buildings.” Géotechnique, 17(2), 83–118.
Collins, K., and McGown, A. (1974). “The form and function of micro-fabric features in a variety of natural soils.” Géotechnique, 24(2), 223–254.
Degago, S. A., Grimstad, G., Jostad, H. P., Nordal, S., and Olsson, M. (2009). “The non-uniqueness of the end-of-primary consolidation (EOP) void-ratio-effective stress relationship.” Proc., 17th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 1, IOS Press, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 324–327.
Degago, S. A., Grimstad, G., Jostad, H. P., Nordal, S., and Olsson, M. (2011). “Use and misuse of the isotache concept with respect to creep hypotheses A and B.” Géotechnique, 61(10), 897–908.
de Jong, G. J. (1968). “Consolidation models consisting an assembly of viscous elements or a cavity channel network.” Géotechnique, 18(2), 195–228.
Delage, P., and Lefebvre, G. (1984). “Study of the structure of sensitive Champlain clay and its evolution during consolidation.” Can. Geotech. J., 21(1), 21–35.
Duncan, J. M., and Chang, C. M. (1970). “Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain in soils.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 96(SM5), 1629–1633.
Feda, J. (1989). “Interpretation of creep of soils by rate process theory.” Géotechnique, 39(4), 667–677.
Griffiths, F. J., and Joshi, R. C. (1989). “Change in pore size distribution due to consolidation of clays.” Géotechnique, 39(1), 159–168.
Ladd, C. C., Foott, R., Ishihara, K., Schlosser, F., and Poulos, H. J., (1977). “Stress-deformation and strength characteristics.” Proc., Ninth Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundations, 2, Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Tokyo, 421–494.
Leonards, G. A., and Altschaeffl, A. G. (1964). “Compressibility of clays.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 90(SM5), 133–155.
Leroueil, S. (1996). “Compressibility of clays: Fundamental and practical aspects.” J. Geotech. Eng., 534–543.
Leroueil, S., Kabbaj, H., Tavenas, F., and Bouchard, R. (1985). “Stress-strain–strain rate relation for the compressibility of sensitive natural clays.” Géotechnique, 35(2), 159–180.
Mesri, G. (1973). “Coefficient of secondary compression.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 99(1), 123–137.
Mitchell, J. K., Campanella, R. G., and Singh, A. (1968). “Soil creep as a rate process.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 94(SM1), 231–253.
Mitchell, J. K., and Soga, K. (2005). Fundamental behaviour of soils, 4th Ed., Wiley, New York.
Navarro, V., and Alonso, E. E. (2001). “Secondary compression of clays as a local dehydration process.” Géotechnique, 51(10), 859–869.
Singh, A., and Mitchell, J. K. (1968). “General stress-strain-time function for soils.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 95(SM2), 519–539.
Sivaram, B., and Swamee, A. (1977). “A computational method for consolidation coefficient.” Soils Found., 17(2), 48–52.
Suklje, L. (1957). “The analysis of the consolidation theory process by the isotache method.” Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1, Butterworths Scientific Publications, London, 200–206.
Taylor, D. W. (1942). Research on consolidation of clays. Serial 82, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.
Wang, Z., and Wong, R. C. K. (2016). “Strain-dependent and stress-dependent creep model for a till subject to triaxial compression.” Int. J. Geomech., 04015084.
Wong, R. C. K., and Varatharajan, S. (2014). “Viscous behaviour of clays in one-dimensional compression.” Can. Geotech. J., 51(7), 795–809.
Yin, J.-H. (1999). “Non-linear creep of soils in oedometer tests.” Géotechnique, 49(5), 699–707.
Yin, J.-H., and Graham, J. (1989). “Viscous elastic plastic modelling of one-dimensional time dependent behaviour of clays.” Can. Geotech. J., 26, 199–209.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 18 • Issue 6 • June 2018
Copyright
© 2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 23, 2017
Accepted: Dec 12, 2017
Published online: Mar 28, 2018
Published in print: Jun 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Aug 28, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.