Technical Papers
Mar 31, 2017

Uplift Resistance of Strip Anchors in Cohesive Frictional Mediums of Limited Tensile Strength

Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17, Issue 9

Abstract

This study investigated the uplift resistance of strip anchors embedded in cohesive frictional soils or rocks exhibiting zero or low tensile strength. Uplift resistance was estimated on the basis of the upper-bound theorem of the limit analysis assuming that the ground obeys the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion with or without tension cutoff. Calculus of variations was used to assess the geometry of the failure surface. The effects of geometrical and geotechnical parameters on the uplift pressure were systematically analyzed, particularly the effect of the tensile strength, which has not been investigated in the literature to date. Comparative computations show that the solution presented gives results similar to those of numerical stress analyses and improves on existing upper-bound solutions because it provides a lower value for the upper bound of the uplift resistance under the realistic assumption of negligible tensile strength. The improvement is small for soils but significant for rock masses, where neglecting the tension cutoff would lead to a false presupposition of considerable tensile strength.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Basudhar, P. K., and Singh, D. N. (1994). “A generalized procedure for predicting optimal lower bound break-out factors of strip anchors.” Géotechnique, 44(2), 307–318.
Bhattacharya, P., and Kumar, J. (2016). “Uplift capacity of anchors in layered sand using finite-element limit analysis: Formulation and results.” Int. J. Geomech., 04015078.
Brown, E. T. (2015). “Rock engineering design of post-tensioned anchors for dams—A review.” J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 7, 1–13.
Chen, W. F. (1975). Limit analysis and soil plasticity, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Das, B. M. (1978). “Model tests for uplift capacity of foundations in clay.” Soils Found., 18(2), 17–24.
Das, B. M. (1980). “A procedure for estimation of ultimate uplift capacity of foundations in clay.” Soils Found., 20(1), 77–82.
FLAC 4.0 [Computer software]. Itasca Consulting Group, Minneapolis.
Fraldi, M., and Guarracino, F. (2009). “Limit analysis of collapse mechanisms in cavities and tunnels according to the Hoek–Brown failure criterion.” Int. J. Rock. Mech. Min. Sci., 46(4), 665–673.
Ghaly, A., Hanna, A., and Hanna, M. (1991). “Uplift behavior of screw anchors in sand. I: Dry sand.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 773–793.
Giampa, J., Bradshaw, A., and Schneider, J. (2016). “Influence of dilation angle on drained shallow circular anchor uplift capacity.” Int. J. Geomech., 04016056.
Hanna, A., Ayadat, T., and Sabry, M. (2007). “Pullout resistance of single vertical shallow helical and plate anchors in sand.” Geotech. Geol. Eng., 25, 559–573.
Huang, F., Yang, X. L., and Huang, K. (2011). “Upper bound solution of ultimate pullout capacity of strip plate anchor subjected to pore pressure based on Hoek–Brown failure criterion.” Adv. Mater. Res., 255–260, 146–150.
Huang, F., Yang, X. L., Zhao, L. H., and Huang, K. (2012). “Upper bound solution of ultimate pullout capacity of strip plate anchor based on Hoek–Brown failure criterion.” Rock Soil Mech., 33(1), 179–185.
Ilamparuthi, K., Dickin, E. A., and Muthukrisnaiah, K. (2002). “Experimental investigation of the uplift behaviour of circular plate anchors embedded in sand.” Can. Geotech. J., 39, 648–664.
Koutsabeloulis, N. C., and Griffiths, D. V. (1989). “Numerical modelling of the trap door problem.” Géotechnique, 39(1), 77–89.
Kumar, J., and Naskar, T. (2012). “Vertical uplift capacity of a group of two coaxial anchors in a general c–ϕ soil.” Can. Geotech. J., 49, 367–373.
Littlejohn, G. S., and Bruce, D. A. (1977). Rock anchors: State of the art, Foundation Publications, Brentwood, Essex, England.
Liu, J., Hu, H., Yu, L. (2013). “Experimental study on the pull-out performance of strip plate anchors in sand.” Proc. 23rd Int. Offshore and Polar Engineering Conf., International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Mountain View, CA, 616–623.
Merifield, R. S., Lyamin, A. V., and Sloan, S. W. (2006). “Three-dimensional lower bound solutions for the stability of plate anchors in sand.” Géotechnique, 56(2), 123–132.
Merifield, R. S., Lyamin, A. V., Sloan, S. W., and Yu, H. S. (2003). “Three-dimensional lower bound solutions for stability of plate anchors in clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 243–253.
Merifield, R. S., and Sloan, S. W. (2006). “The ultimate pullout capacity of anchors in frictional soils.” Can. Geotech. J., 43(8), 852–868.
Merifield, R. S., Sloan, S. W., and Yu, H. S. (2001). “Stability of plate anchors in undrained clay.” Géotechnique, 51(2), 141–153.
Meyerhof, G. G. (1973). “Uplift resistance of inclined anchors and piles.” Proc., 8th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 2, International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, London, 167–172.
Meyerhof, G. G., and Adams, J. I. (1968). “The ultimate uplift capacity of foundations.” Can. Geotech. J., 5(4), 225–244.
Murray, E. J., and Geddes, J. D. (1987). “Uplift of anchor plates in sand.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 202–215.
Nielsen, M. P., and Hoang, L. C. (2010). Limit analysis and concrete plasticity, 3rd Ed., CRC, Boca Raton, FL.
Rowe, R. K., and Davis, E. H. (1982a). “The behaviour of anchor plates in sand.” Géotechnique, 32(1), 25–41.
Rowe, R. K., and Davis, E. H. (1982b). “The behaviour of anchor plates in clay.” Géotechnique, 32(1), 9–23.
Sahoo, J. P., and Kumar, J. (2014). “Vertical uplift resistance of two closely spaced horizontal strip anchors embedded in cohesive–frictional weightless medium.” Can. Geotech. J., 51(2), 223–230.
Singh, S. P., and Ramaswamy, S. V. (2008). “Effect of shape on holding capacity of plate anchors buried in soft soil.” Geomech. Geoeng., 3(2), 145–154.
Smith, C. C. (1998). “Limit loads for an anchor/trapdoor embedded in an associative Coulomb soil.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 22(11), 855–865.
Smith, C. C. (2012). “Limit loads for a shallow anchor/trapdoor embedded in a non-associative Coulomb soil.” Géotechnique, 62(7), 563–571.
Subba Rao, K., and Kumar, J. (1994). “Vertical uplift capacity of horizontal anchors.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 1134–1147.
Tagaya, K., Scott, R. F., and Aboshi, H. (1988). “Pullout resistance of buried anchor in sand.” Soils Found., 28(3), 114–130.
Tagaya, K., Tanaka, A., and Aboshi, H. (1983). “Application of finite element method to pullout resistance of buried anchor.” Soils Found., 23(3), 91–104.
Vesic, A. S. (1971). “Breakout resistance of objects embedded in ocean bottom.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 97(9), 1183–1205.
Weinstock, R. (1974). The calculus of variations with applications to physics and engineering, Dover, Mineola, NY.
White, D. J., Cheuk, C. Y., and Bolton, M. D. (2008). “The uplift resistance of pipes and plate anchors buried in sand.” Géotechnique, 58(10), 771–779.
Yu, H. S. (2000). Cavity expansion methods in geomechanics, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
Yu, L., Liu, J., Kong, X. J., and Hu, Y. (2011). “Numerical study on plate anchor stability in clay.” Géotechnique, 61(3), 235–246.
Zhao, L. H., Li, L., Yang, F., Dan, H. C., and Yang, X. L. (2009). “Study on the ultimate pullout capacity and shape modification factors of horizontal plate anchors based on nonlinear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion.” GeoHunan Int. Conf., ASCE, Reston, VA, 95–101.
Zhao, L. H., Luo, Q., Li, L., Dan, H. C., and Liu, X. (2010). “Ultimate pull-out capacity of strip anchor plates with upper bound theorem.” Rock Soil Mech., 31(2), 516–522.
Zhu, H. H., Mei, G. X., Xu, M., Liu, Y., and Yin, J. H. (2014). “Experimental and numerical investigation of uplift behavior of umbrella-shaped ground anchor.” Geomech. Eng., 7(2), 165–181.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to International Journal of Geomechanics
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17Issue 9September 2017

History

Received: Feb 18, 2016
Accepted: Dec 16, 2016
Published online: Mar 31, 2017
Discussion open until: Aug 31, 2017
Published in print: Sep 1, 2017

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

P. Perazzelli [email protected]
Postdoctoral Researcher, ETH Zurich, Stefano Franscini Platz 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
G. Anagnostou [email protected]
Professor, ETH Zurich, Stefano Franscini Platz 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share