Hybrid Approach for Rigid Piled-Raft Foundations Subjected to Coupled Loads in Layered Soils
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17, Issue 5
Abstract
This paper proposes an efficient hybrid approach for analysis of the responses of piled-raft foundations subjected to coupled loads (combination of vertical loads, horizontal loads, and moments) in layered soils. The proposed method comprehensively accounts for pile–pile, pile–soil surface, soil surface–pile, and soil surface–soil surface interactions. Moreover, to capture the influence of embedment and active/passive effects of piles, a modified Vesic’s subgrade modulus for embedded piles and passive piles was adopted. To avoid a large number of time-consuming integration processes, the shear displacement method and elastic foundation beam method were employed to calculate the vertical and horizontal responses of a single pile, respectively, and the results were then extended for the pile group. The results calculated with the proposed method for piled-raft foundations in layered soils were found to have good agreement with those obtained from the more rigorous finite-element methods (FEMs) and elastic theory method in layered soils. It was found that the proposed procedure can accurately predict the responses of piled-raft foundations under complex loads in layered soils.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through Grants 51208378 and 41572260 and the National Key Basic Research Program of China through Grant 2013CB036304.
References
Ai, Z. Y., Yue, Z. Q., Tham, L. G., and Yang, M. (2002). “Extended Sneddon and Muki solutions for multilayered elastic materials.” Int. J. Eng. Sci., 40(13), 1453–1483.
Anagnostopoulos, C., and Georgiadis, M. (1993). “Interaction of axial and lateral pile responses.” J. Geotech. Eng., 793–798.
Basack, S., and Dey, S. (2012). “Influence of relative pile-soil stiffness and load eccentricity on single pile response in sand under lateral cyclic loading.” Geotech. Geol. Eng., 30(4), 737–751.
Basack, S., and Sen, S. (2014a). “Numerical solution of single piles subjected to pure torsion.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 74–90.
Basack, S., and Sen, S. (2014b). “Numerical solution of single pile subjected to simultaneous torsional and axial loads.” Int. J. Geomech., 06014006.
Chow, Y. K. (1986). “Behaviour of pile groups under axial loads.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Numerical Methods in Offshore Piling, Editions Technip, Paris, 237–251.
Clancy, P., and Randolph, M. F. (1993). “An approximate analysis procedure for piled raft foundations.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 17(12), 849–869.
Cooke, R. W. (1974). “The settlement of friction pile foundations.” Proc., Conf. on Tall Buildings, Vol. 3, Institution of Engineers, Selangor, Malaysia, 7–19.
Cooke, R. W., Price, G., and Tarr, K. (1997). “Jacked piles in London clay: Interaction and group behaviour under working conditions.” Géotechnique, 30(2), 97–136.
Davisson M. T., and Robinson K. E. (1965). “Bending and buckling of partially embedded piles.” Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 2, International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, London, 2–246.
Gao, G. Y., Chen, Q. S., He, J. F., and Liu, F. (2012). “Investigation of ground vibration due to trains moving on saturated multi-layered ground by 2.5D finite element method.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 40, 87–98.
Goryunov, B. F. (1973). “Discussion on analysis of piles subjected to the combined action of vertical and horizontal loads.” Soil Mech. Found. Eng., 10(1), 10–13.
Hain, S. J., and Lee, I. K. (1978). “The analysis of flexible raft–pile systems.” Géotechnique, 28(1), 65–83.
Hirai, H. (2012). “A Winkler model approach for vertically and laterally loaded piles in nonhomogeneous soil.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 36(17), 1869–1897.
Horikoshi, K., Matsumoto, T., Hashizume, Y., Watanabe, T., and Fukuyama, H. (2003). “Performance of piled raft foundations subjected to static horizontal loads.” Int. J. Phys. Modell. Geotech., (2), 37–50.
Horikoshi, K., and Randolph, M. F. (1998). “A contribution to optimum design of piled raft.” Géotechnique, 48(3), 301–317.
Huang, M., Liang, F., and Jiang, J. (2011). “A simplified nonlinear analysis method for pile raft foundation in layered soils under vertical load.” Comput. Geotech., 38(7), 875–882.
Kitiyodom, P., and Matsumoto, T. (2003). “A simplified analysis method for piled raft foundations in non-homogeneous soils.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 27(2), 85–109.
Kuwabara, F. (1989). “An elastic analysis for piled raft foundations in a homogeneous soil.” Soils Found., 29(1), 82–92.
Mendonça, A. V., and Paiva, J. B. (2003a). “An elastostatic FEM/BEM analysis of vertically loaded raft foundation on piles.” Eng. Anal. Boundary Elem., 24(3), 237–247.
Mendonça, A. V., and Paiva, J. B. (2003b). “An elastostatic FEM/BEM analysis of vertically loaded raft and pile raft foundation.” Eng. Anal. Boundary Elem., 27(9), 919–933.
Mu, L., Huang, M., and Lian, K. (2014). “Analysis of pile-raft foundations under complex loads in layered soils.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 38(3), 256–280.
Mylonakis, G., and Gazetas, G. (1998). “Settlement and additional internal forces of grouped piles in layered soil.” Géotechnique, 48(1), 55–72.
Poulos, H. G. (1994). “An approximate numerical analysis of pile-raft interaction.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 18(2), 73–92.
Poulos, H. G., and Davis, E. H. (1980). Pile foundation analysis and design, Wiley & Sons, New York.
Ramaswamy, G. (1974). “Flexural behavior of axially and laterally loaded individual piles and group of piles.” Ph.D. thesis, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Randolph, M. F. (2003). RATZ version 4-2: Load transfer analysis of axially loaded piles, School of Civil and Resource Engineering, Univ. of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Randolph, M. F., and Wroth, C. P. (1978). “Analysis of vertical deformation of vertically loaded piles.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., 104(12), 1465–1488.
Sanctis, L., and Russo, G. (2008). “Analysis and performance of piled raft designed using innovative criteria.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 1118–1128.
Sawada, K., and Takemura, J. (2014). “Centrifuge model tests on piled raft foundation in sand subjected to lateral and moment loads.” Soils Found., 54(2), 126–140.
Ta, L. D., and Small, J. C. (1996). “Analysis of piled raft systems in layered soil.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 20(1), 57–72.
Vesic, A. (1961). “Bending of beams resting on isotropic elastic solid.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., 87(2), 35–53.
Wong, S. C., and Poulos, H. G. (2005). “Approximate pile-to-pile interaction factors between two dissimilar piles.” Comput. Geotech., 32(8), 613–618.
Yu, J., Zhang, C., and Huang, M. (2013). “Soil-pipe interaction due to tunnelling: Assessment of Winkler modulus for underground pipelines.” Comput. Geotech., 50, 17–28.
Zhang, H. H., and Small, J. C. (2000). “Analysis of capped pile groups subjected to horizontal and vertical load.” Comput. Geotech., 26(1), 1–21.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17 • Issue 5 • May 2017
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 7, 2015
Accepted: Sep 7, 2016
Published online: Oct 13, 2016
Discussion open until: Mar 13, 2017
Published in print: May 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.