Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of Polymer Concrete and Sand Interface
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17, Issue 1
Abstract
In this investigation, the behavior of the interface between polymer concrete and sand was studied. For this purpose, two sets of interface direct shear tests (over 40 tests) were conducted on the polymer concrete and sand interface. Moreover, two sets of tests (over 30 tests) were performed on the cement concrete and sand interface for comparison. Based on the experiments, the shear stress versus tangential displacement curves at different normal stresses, the interface friction angles, and the adhesion were obtained for each interface. Then, three different constitutive models proposed for interfaces were used to predict the observed response. Finally, after a quantitative comparison of the constitutive models, a pile in tension was modeled using the most accurate model for its interfacial behavior. The results of the proposed model were in excellent accordance with experimental data, and the results of pile modeling in tension showed the applicability of the model and obtained parameters.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Agavriloaie, L., Oprea, S., Barbuta, M., and Luca, F. (2012). “Characterisation of polymer concrete with epoxy polyurethane acryl matrix.” Constr. Build. Mater., 37, 190–196.
ASTM. (2009). “Standard test method for bulk density (“unit weight”) and voids in aggregate.” ASTM:C29/C29M-09, West Conshohocken, PA, 1–5.
ASTM. (2010). “Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM:C496/C496M-04, West Conshohocken, PA, 4(2), 299–303.
ASTM. (2014). “Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.” ASTM:C39/C39M, West Conshohocken, PA.
Aubry, D., Modaressi, A., and Modaressi, H. (1990). “A constitutive model for cyclic behaviour of interfaces with variable dilatancy.” Comput. Geotech., 9(1–2), 47–58.
Bahadori, H., and Ghalandarzadeh, A. (2010). “Study of the cyclic behavior of saturated sand considering the effect of induced anisotropy.” Civ. Eng. Infrastruct. J., 44(2), 151–163.
Bahadori, H., Ghalandarzadeh, A., and Towhata, I. (2008). “Effect of non plastic silt on the anisotropic behavior of sand.” Soils Found., 48(4), 531–545.
Bares, R. A., (1978). “Furane resin concrete and its application to large diameter sewer pipes.” SP-58-4, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 71–74.
Clough, G. W., and Duncan, J. M. (1971). “Finite element analysis of retaining wall behavior.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 97(SM12), 1657–1673.
De Gennaro, V., and Frank, R. (2002). “Elasto-plastic analysis of the interface behaviour between granular media and structure.” Comput. Geotech., 29(7), 547–572.
Desai, C. S. (1974). “A consistent finite element technique for work-softening behavior.” Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Nonlinear Mechanics, Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX.
Desai, C. S. (1987). Further on unified hierarchical models based on alternative correction or damage approach, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
Desai, C. S. (2001). Mechanics of materials and interfaces, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Desai, C. S., Drumm, E. C., and Zaman, M. M. (1985). “Cyclic testing and modeling of interfaces.” J. Geotech. Eng., 793–815.
Desai, C. S., and Fishman, K. L. (1991). “Plasticity-based constitutive model with associated testing for joints.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech., 28(1), 15–26.
Desai, C. S., and Ma, Y. (1992). “Modelling of joints and interfaces using the disturbed state concept.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 16(9), 623–653.
Desai, C. S., and Rigby, D. B. (1997). “Cyclic interface and joint shear device including pore pressure effects.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 568–579.
Desai, C. S., Somasundaram, S., and Frantziskonis, G. (1986). “A hierarchical approach for constitutive modelling of geologic materials.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 10(3), 225–257.
Desai, C. S., and Zaman, M. M. (2014). Advanced geotechnical engineering, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Desai, C. S., Zaman, M. M., Lightner, J. G., and Siriwardane, H. J. (1984). “Thin-layer element for interfaces and joints.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 8(1), 19–43.
Edil, T. B., Bosscher, P. J., and Sundberg, A. J. (2006). “Soil-structure interface shear transfer behavior.” Geomechanics II: Testing, modeling, and simulation, ASCE, Reston, VA, 528–543.
Elalaoui, O., Ghorbel, E., Mignot, V., and Ouezdou, M. B. (2012). “Mechanical and physical properties of epoxy polymer concrete after exposure to temperatures up to 250°C.” Constr. Build. Mater., 27(1), 415–424.
Evgin, E., and Fakharian, K. (1996). “Effect of stress paths on the behaviour of sand–steel interfaces.” Can. Geotech. J., 33(6), 853–865.
Frantziskonis, G., and Desai, C. S. (1988). “Constitutive model with strain softening.” Math. Comput. Modell., 10(10), 794
Goodman, R. E., Taylor, R. L., and Brekke, T. L. (1968). “A model for the mechanics of jointed rock.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 94(3), 637–659.
Guefrech, A., Rault, G., Chenaf, N., Thorel, L., Garnier, J., and Puech, A. (2012). “Stability of cast in place piles in sand under axial cyclic loading.” Proc., 7th Int. Conf., Offshore Site Investigation and Geotechnics: Integrated Technologies—Present and Future. Society of Underwater Technology, London.
Iskander, M. G., Hanna, S., and Stachula, A. (2001). “Driveability of FRP composite piling.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 169–176.
Kachanov, L. M. (1958). “Time of the rupture process under creep conditions.” Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Otd Tekh. Nauk, 8, 26–31.
Kishida, H., and Duncan, J. H. (1975). “Elastoplastic stress-strain theory for cohesionless soil.” J. Geotech. Eng., 101(10), 1037–1053.
Kishida, H., and Uesugi, M. (1987). “Tests of the interface between sand and steel in the simple shear apparatus.” Géotechnique, 37(1), 45–52.
Lade, P. V., and Duncan, J. H. (1975). “Elastoplastic stress-strain theory for cohesionless soil.” J. Geotech. Eng., 101(10), 1037–1053.
Lade, P. V., and Kim, M. K. (1988). “Single hardening constitutive model for frictional materials III. Comparisons with experimental data.” Comput. Geotech., 6(1), 31–47.
Li, Z., Kotronis, P., and Escoffier, S. (2014). “Numerical study of the 3D failure envelope of a single pile in sand.” Comput. Geotech., 62, 11–26.
Liu, H., Song, E., and Ling, H. (2006). “Constitutive modeling of soil-structure interface through the concept of critical state soil mechanics.” Mech. Res. Commun., 33(4), 515–531.
Matinez Barrera, G., Vigueras-Santiago, E., Gencel, O., and Hagg Lobland, H. E. (2011). “Polymer concretes: A description and methods for modification and improvement.” Mater. Educ., 33(1–2), 37–52.
Matsuoka, H., and Nakai, T. (1974). “Stress-deformation and strength characteristics of soil under three different principal stresses.” Proc. Jpn. Soc. Civ. Eng., 1974(232), 59–70.
Mebarkia, S., and Vipulanandan, C. (1992). “Compressive strength and characterization of failure modes for polymer concrete.” Proc, 9th ASCE Engineering Mechanics Conference ASCE, Reston, VA, 988–991.
Paikowsky, S. G., Player, C. M., and Connors, P. J. (1995). “A dual interface apparatus for testing unrestricted friction of soil along solid surfaces.” Geotech. Test. J., 18(2), 168–193.
Potyondy, J. G. (1961). “Skin friction between various soils and construction materials.” Géotechnique, 11(4), 339–353.
Saadatmanesh, H., Ahmari, S., Toufigh, V., and Toufigh, V. (2013). “Strength evaluation and energy-dissipation behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer concrete.” Adv. Civ. Eng. Mater., 2(1), 622–636.
Sakr, M., El Naggar, M. H., and Nehdi, M. (2005). “Interface characteristics and laboratory constructability tests of novel fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete piles.” J. Compos. Constr., 274–283.
Toufigh, V. (2013). “Testing and evaluation of confined polymer concrete pile with carbon fiber sleeve.” Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
Toufigh, V., Desai, C. S., Saadatmanesh, H., Toufigh, V., Ahmari, S., and Kabiri, E. (2014a). “Constitutive modeling and testing of interface between backfill soil and fiber-reinforced polymer.” Int. J. Geomech., 04014009.
Toufigh, V., Hosseinali, M., and Shirkhorshidi, S. M. (2016). “Experimental study and constitutive modeling of polymer concrete's behavior in compression.” Constr. Build. Mater., 112(1), 183–190.
Toufigh, V., Saeid, F., Toufigh, V., Ouria, A., Desai, C. S., and Saadatmanesh, H. (2014b). “Laboratory study of soil-CFRP interaction using pull-out test.” Geomech. Geoeng., 9(3), 208–214.
Uesugi, M., and Kishida, H. (1986). “Influential factors of friction between steel and dry sands.” Soils Found., 26(2), 33–46.
Uesugi, M., and Kishida, H. (1987). “Tests of the interface between sand and steel in the simple shear apparatus.” Géotechnique, 37(1), 45–52.
Uesugi, M., Kishida, H., and Tsubakihara, Y. (1988). “Behavior of sand particles in sand-steel friction.” Soils Found., 28(1), 107–118.
Vermeer, P.A. (1984). “A five-constant model unifying well-established concepts.” Int. Workshop on Constitutive Relations for Soils, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 175–197.
Vipulanandan, C., and Paul, E. (1993). “Characterization of polyester polymer and polymer concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 62–82.
Wright, A. G. (1995). South Bronx jewel on Tiffany Street. Eng. News Rec., Sep. 4, 32.
Zhang, G., and Zhang, J. M. (2006). “Monotonic and cyclic tests of interface between structure and gravelly soil.” Soils Found., 46(4), 505–518.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17 • Issue 1 • January 2017
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 19, 2015
Accepted: Mar 16, 2016
Published online: May 4, 2016
Discussion open until: Oct 4, 2016
Published in print: Jan 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.